face and parotid region

Question 1

what do facial muscle derive from?

Answer 1

2nd pharyngeal arch mesoderm

Question 2

facial motor innervation?

Answer 2

VII facial nerve

Question 3

facial sensory innervation?

Answer 3

V1-3 trigeminal and SOME from the cervical plexus via great auricular nerve

Question 4

muscle that surrounds eye?

Answer 4

orbicularis oculi —orbital part = tight closure of eye —parpebral part = involuntary blinking —lacrimal part = flow of tears

Question 5

muscle that smiles — mouth upward and outward?

Answer 5

zygomaticus major

Question 6

sphincter of mouth that allows closure and pursing of lips

Answer 6

orbicularis oris

Question 7

primarily sucking and expelling air but also an accessory muscle of mastication

Answer 7

buccinator

Question 8

what is the buccinator pierced by?

Answer 8

parotid duct

Question 9

muscle that expresses surprise and used in deep inspiration

Answer 9

platysma

Question 10

course of facial nerve

Answer 10

*emerges at stylomastoid foramen *two branches –> posterior auricular nerve and nerve to the posterior belly of digastric/stylohyoid muscles *enters parotid gland superficial to the ECA and retromandibular vein *divides into upper temporofacial division and a lower cervicofacial division

Question 11

after the parotid gland, the facial nerve has two main branches?

Answer 11

upper temporofacial lower cervicofacial

Question 12

branches off the temporofacial division of facial nerve

Answer 12

temporal branches - all superior to zygomatic arch zygomatic branches - zygomatic, orbital, and infraorbital regions buccal branches - upper lip

Question 13

branches off cervicofacial division of facial nerve

Answer 13

buccal branches - cheek and mouth including buccinator and orbicularis oris mandibular branches - lower lip and chin cervical branch - platysma

Question 14

motor innervation for orbicularis oculi?

Answer 14

temporal and zygomatic branches of temporofacial division of facial nerve

Question 15

motor innervation for zygomaticus major?

Answer 15

zygomatic and buccal branches of temporofacial division of facial nerve

Question 16

motor innervation for orbicularis oris and buccinator?

Answer 16

buccal branches of cervicofacial division of facial nerve

Question 17

motor innervation for platysma?

Answer 17

cervical branch of cervicofacial division of facial nerve

Question 18

damage to the facial nerve at the stylomastoid foramen?

Answer 18

causes peripheral facial palsy = paralysis of ipsilateral muscles and inability to shut the eye (loss of motor limb for corneal reflex = cornea isnt protected) but corneal sensation is maintained by the intact trigeminal nerve

Question 19

1–inability to shut the eye? 2–inability to open the eye?

Answer 19

1 - facial nerve damage - loss of corneal reflex 2 - damage to occulomotor and facial nerves (III and VII)

Question 20

three divisions of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 20

V1 - ophthalmic V2 - maxillary V3 - mandibular

Question 21

V1 and V2 are? V3 is?

Answer 21

1 and 2 just sensory 3 is both motor and sensory

Question 22

V1 nerve

Answer 22

consists of supraorbital nerve and supratrochlear nerve through superior orbital fissure and supraorbital notch supply upper forehead and orbit

Question 23

V2

Answer 23

maxillary = infraorbital nerve through foramen rotundum and infraorbital fissure supplies lower eyelid to the upper lip

Question 24

v3

Answer 24

mandibular branch through the foramen ovale mental nerve through the mental foramen to supply chin and lower lip

Question 25

facial artery branches off the…

Answer 25

ECA

Question 26

facial arterial supply is from

Answer 26

facial artery and superficial temporal artery

Question 27

facial artery

Answer 27

anterior to the facial vein deep to facial expression muscles branches = superior and inferior labial arteries, lateral nasal artery, and angular artery

Question 28

superior temporal artery

Answer 28

arises behind neck of mandible and superficial/anterior to external ear ascends in front of the auriculotemporal nerve

Question 29

what is behind the superior temporal artery as it ascends in front of ear?

Answer 29

auriculotemporal nerve

Question 30

what does the superficial temporal artery give off inside the parotid gland?

Answer 30

transverse facial artery

Question 31

what courses with parotid duct and supplies the gland/duct/adjacent skin

Answer 31

transverse facial artery

Question 32

veins of the face

Answer 32

facial and retromandibular veins

Question 33

facial vein course

Answer 33

begins at medial angle of eye and travels parallel and posterior to the facial artery joins the retromandibular to form common facial vein that enters the IJV

Question 34

veins of face communicate with…

Answer 34

intracranial sinuses –> way for infection to spread into IJV/system

Question 35

Answer 35

1 Temporal branch
2 Zygomatic branches
3 Parotid duct
4 Buccal branches
5 Marginal mandibular branch
6 Cervical branch
7 Main trunk of facial nerve

Question 36

Question 37

Question 38

parotid duct passes _____ to the masseter m and pierces into _______

opens into ____

Answer 38

anterior

buccinator

pipilla by the 2nd upper molar

Question 39

sturctures and relationships inside the parotid gland

Answer 39

inside are the facial nerve, retromandibular vein, and ECA (superficial -> deep)

Question 40

parasympathetic secretomotor innervation of parotid gland?

Answer 40

glossopharyngel IX

Question 41

sensory for parotid gland?

Answer 41

auriculotemporal nerve off of the V3