Face Flashcards
The facial nerve exits through which structure?
Stylomastoid foramen
Group of muscles responsible for “dimples”
a. oral
b. dilators
c. modiolus
d. aponeurosis
C
The part of orbicularis oculi responsible for gently closing the eyelids
Palpebral part
TRUE of the facial nerve
a. mandibular and cervical nerves have multiple branches
b. branches of facial nerve superficial to the muscles
c. danger area for nerve in the face is over the zygoma
d. no anastomosis among nerves
C
Marrionette lines are formed by contraction of:
a. levator anguli
b. depressor labii
c. depressor anguli
d. levator labii superioris
C
Which muscle opens the Eustachian tube?
Tensor veli palatine
Which muscle causes horizontal wrinkles above the root of the nose?
Procerus
Smiling muscle:
a. Risorius
b. Procerus
c. Zygomaticus Major
d. NOTA
C
Which is not a dilator of the nose?
a. Levator labii superioris alaeque nasii
b. Anterior and posterior dilators
c. Alar nasalis
d. Transverse nasalis
D
This ligament prevents condylar dislocation posteriorly
A. temporomandibular ligament
B. sphenomandibular ligament
C. stylomandibular ligament
A
The ff are symptoms of facial nerve paralysis EXCEPT
A. accumulation of food in the oral vestibule
B. drooling to the side affected
C. intact ability to whistle
D. drooping eyelid
C
What structures comprise pes anserinus?
A. Peripheral branches of the facial nerve
B. Maxillary artery and its branches
C. Pterygoid venous plexus
D. None of the above
A
Which of these is correct?
A. The inferior alveolar artery is a branch of the second part of the internal maxillary artery.
B. The chorda tympani joins the lingual nerve from the anterior
C. The temporal branch of the facial nerve is subcutaneous and easily injured surgically
D. The lower head of the lateral pterygoid is smaller than the superior head
C
Branch of the Facial Nerve which causes very noticeable facial assymetry when cut:
A. Cervical
B. Marginal Mandibular
C. Zygomatic
D. Temporal
B
Facial nerve branches into _____ after it exits the stylomastoid foramen, before it enters the parotid gland:
A. chorda tympani
B. stapedius
C. posterior auricular
D. anterior tympanic
C
Which takes longer in growth: facial bones or bones of the calvaria?
Facial bones
Five layers of the scalp
Skin, Connective tissue, Aponeurosis, Loose areolar tissue, Pericranium
Embryonic origin of muscles of fascial expression
Mesoderm in second pharyngeal arch
Motor innervation of facial muscles
Facial nerve (CN VII), and motor branch of Trigeminal nerve (CN V)
The frontal belly of occipitofrontalis muscle has no bony attachments. T/F
T
Action of occipitofrontalis frontal belly
Protracts scalp; elevates eyebrows and wrinkles forhead
Action of occipitofrontalis occipital belly
Retracts scalp; increases effectiveness of frontal belly
Muscle which protrudes lips when kissing or resists distension when blowing
Orbicularis oris
Actions of the platysma
Depresses mandible (against resistance); tenses skin of inferior face and neck
Parts of the orbicularis oculi
Orbital part, palpebral part, lacrimal part
The procerus is continuous with which muscle?
Occipitofrontalis muscle
Aperture between the eyelids
Palpebral fissure
Direction of closing of the palpebral fissure during blinking
Lateral to medial
Part of orbicularis oculi that assists in drainage of tears
Lacrimal part
Part of orbicularis oculi that tightly closes eyelids as in winking or squinting
Orbital part
When all three parts of the orbicularis oculi contract, the eyes are firmly closed. T/F
T
Actions of corrugator supercili
Draws eyebrows medially and inferiorly, creating vertical wrinkles above nose
Muscle that creates vertical wrinkles above nose
Corrugator supercilli
Muscles of the ears
Anterior auricular muscle, superior auricular muscle, posterior auricular muscle
Action of depressor septi
Depresses nasal septum
Parts of nasalis
Transverse (compressor) naris, and alar (dilator) naris
Action of nasalis
Transverse: Compresses nasal opening
Alar: Dilates nasal opening
Compresses and dilates nasal opening
Nasalis muscle
Action of depressor supercilli
Lowers eyebrows
Muscles that dilate the external nares
Alar part of nasalis and levator labii superioris alaque nasi
Actions of levator labii superioris alaque nasi
Raises lip and dilates nares
Action of levator labii superioris
Raises and/or everts upper lip, deepens nasolabial sulcus
Action of zygomaticus major
Elevates labial commissure
Zygomaticus minor is almost continuous with which muscle?
Orbicularis oris
Action of zygomaticus minor
Elevates and/or everts upper lip, deepens nasolabial sulcus
Action of risorius
Pulls corners of mouth bilaterally
Action of levator anguli oris
Raises angles of the mouth
Action of depressor labii inferioris
Depresses and/or everts lower lip
Muscles that elevate the mouth
Zygomaticus minor and major, levator labii superioris, levator labii superioris alaque nasi, levator anguli oris, mentalis
Action of depressor anguli oris
Depresses labi commissure bilaterally
Muscles that depress the mouth
Depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, platysma
Action of mentalis
Elevates and protrudes lower lip
The orbicularis oris has no bony attachments. T/F
T
Cutaneous innervation of face
Trigeminal nerve (CNV)
Three main divisions of the trigeminal nerve
Opthalmic nerve, Maxillary nerve, Mandibular nerve
Smallest of the three divisions of CN V
Opthalmic nerve
The opthalmic nerve is purely motor. T/F
F
It is purely sensory.
CN V enters the orbit through this opeining
Superior orbital fissure
The opthalmic nerve trifurcates into which nerves?
Frontal nerve, nasociliary nerve, and lacrimal nerve
Largest branch of opthalmic nerve
Frontal nerve
Smallest branch of opthalmic nerve
Lacrimal
Lacrimal gland innervation
Lacrimal nerve from the opthalmic nerve (V1) of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)
The maxillary nerve is purely sensory. T/F
T
Foramen through which the maxillary nerves leave the cranium
Foramen rotundum
Largest division of the trigeminal nerve
Mandibular nerve
The maxillary nerve divides into these branches after is passes through foramen rotundum
Zygomatic neve, infra-orbital nerve
Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve supplies the following area/s
a. wing of the nose
b. bridge of the nose
c. tip of the nose
d. chin
D
The “nasolabial deepener” is the
a. orbicularis oris
b. procerus
c. orbicularis oculi
d. none of the above
D
The nasolabial crease is created by the tone of the zygomaticus minor and the levator labii superioris.
In facial nerve paralysis, the following is/are true
a. inability to smile
b. inability to whistle
c. shallow nasolabial fold
d. none of the above
B
In facial nerve paralysis, or Bell’s palsy, all of the facial muscles are paralyzed. This does NOT include the four muscles of mastication, namely: masseter, temporalis,
medial and lateral pterygoids, as they are supplied by the motor component of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3)
The following areas are supplied by the ophthalmic
division of the trigeminal nerve
a. upper lip
b. wing of the nose
c. upper part of the skin of the cheek
d. tip of the nose
D
It is supplied by the external nasal nerve, a branch of the
nasociliary nerve, which originates form the ophthalmic
division of the trigeminal nerve (V1).
The mandibular division of the facial nerve supplies the following muscle/s
a. depressor labii inferioris
b. nasalis
c. buccinator
d. none of the above
A
The facial nerve famously splits into five after passing through the parotid:
Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve innervates:
a. Bridge of the nose
b. Tip of the nose
c. Upper lip
d. All of the above
C
Innervation of upper eyelid
Opthalmic nerve (V1)
Innervation of tip of the nose
Opthalmic nerve (V1)
Innervation of upper lip
Maxillary nerve (V2)
Innervation of temporalis
Mandibular nerve (V3)
Which of these is FALSE?
a. tip of the nose is innervated by V1
b. chin by V3
c. cheek by V2
d. forehead by V2
D
Terminal branch of anterior ethmoidal nerve
External nasal nerve
Terminal branch of nasocilliary nerve
Infratrochlear nerve
Opening through which the V3 emerges from the cranium
Foramen ovale
The only division of CN V that carries motor fibers
V3
Main cutaneous branches of V3
Auriculotemporal, buccal, and mental
CN VII has both motor root and sensory/parasympathetic root. T/F
T
When CN VII emerges from the stylomastoid foramen, it immediately gives of which branch?
Posterior auricular nerve
Structures supplied by the posterior auricular nerve
Auricularis posterior and occupital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle
The facial nerve forms the parotid plexus inside which structure?
The parotid gland
What does the facial nerve form within the parotid ?
Parotid plexus
Branches given of by the parotid plexus
Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandible, cervical
Muscles supplied by the temporal branch of CN VII
Auricularis anterior, auricularis superior, frontal belly of occipitofrontalis, superior part of orbicularis oculi
The buccal branch of CN VII passes internal to the buccinator muscle. T/F
F
It passes external to the buccinator muscle.
Muscles supplied by the buccal branch of CN VII
Buccal muscle, upper parts of orbicularis oris, inferior fibers of levator labii superioris
Muscles supplied by the cervical branch of CN VII
Platysma
Muscles supplied by the marginal mandibular branch of CN VII
Risorius, lower lip and chin muscles
Most superficial arteries of the face are branches or derivatives of the internal carotid artery. T/F
F
They are of the external carotid artery.
Which provides major arterial supply to the face?
Facial artery
The facial artery derives from which vessel?
External carotid artery
The facial artery lies deep to which muscles?
Zygomaticus major and levator labii superioris
Zygomaticus minor and levator labii superioris are antagonists. T/F
F
They produce the same action.
The external nasal nerve is the terminal branch of which nerve?
Anterior ethmoid nerve
Arteries sent by the facial artery to the upper and lower lips
Superior and inferior labial arteries
Terminal part of facial artery
Angular artery
The angular artery is the terminal part of which artery?
Facial
The supraorbital nerve exits the skull through which opening?
Superior orbital foramen
The infraorbital nerve exits the skull through which opening?
Inferior orbital foramen
When the infraorbital nerve passes through the inferior orbital foramen, it divides into these branches
Palpebral, nasal, and labial
Facial veins are valveless. T/F
T
Veins that provide the primary superficial drainage of the face
Facial veins
The facial veins drain directly or indirectly into which vein?
Internal jugular
Not true of V1
A. The frontal nerve is the largest
B. The lacrimal is the smallest
C. The external nasal innervates the lateral nose
D. Supraorbital comes from frontal
C
What has hyperesthesia if the superior orbital fissure is affected?
A. Forehead
B. Cheeks
C. Temples
D. Chin
A
The transverse facial artery arises from which arteries?
Superficial temporal artery
The buccinator is innervated by the ____ branch of the facial nerve?
a. Temporal
b. Zygomatic
c. Buccal
d. NOTA
C
The area that is supplied by the mandibular nerve:
a. Lower eyelid
b. Upper lip
c. Lower lip
C
Which pairing is incorrect?
A. Foramen magnum : CN XI
B. Foramen spinosum : CNV2
C. Superior orbital fissure : CN VI
D. Foramen ovale: CN V3
B
All are branches of the facial artery except:
a. Inferior labial artery
b. Superior labial artery
c. Lateral nasal artery
d. Dorsal nasal artery
D
A 35-year old female complained of severe pain on the left side of her face. You suddenly thought of the following foramina except:
a. Superior orbital fissure
b. Foramen rotundum
c. Stylomastoid foramen
d. Foramen ovale
C
Where is the main trunk of the facial nerve located?
a. Lateral to styloid process
b. Inferior to foramen ovale
c. Medial to the posterior belly of the digastric
muscle
d. Superior to the transverse facial artery
A
The lateral junction of the lips
Labial commissure
16.Transectionofthisnerveresultsinthedrynessoftheeyes
a. Chordatympani
b. Arnold’snerve
c. Jacobson’snerve
d. Facialnerve
D
The danger area of the scalp
Loose connective tissue layer (layer four)
Why is the loose connective tissue layer the danger are of the scalp?
Infection in this layer can easily pass into the cranial cavity through emissary veins and reach intracranial structures.
Injury to the facial nerve or its branches produces paralysis of facial muscles on the opposite side or the affected side?
Affected side
Paralysis of the facial muscles caused by injury to the facial nerve or its branches
Bell palsy
Which nerve is anesthesized for reparing the maxillary incisor teeth?
Infraorbital nerve
Which nerve is anasthesized to suture a severe laceration of the lower lip?
Mental nerve
Where is the retromolar fossa located?
Posterior the 3rd mandibular molar between the anterior border of the ramus and the tempoal crest
Where is the temporal pulse palpated?
Where the superficial temporal artery crosses the zygomatic process just anterior to the auricle
Where is the facial pulse palpated?
Inferior border of the mandible, immediately interior the masseter
Earsurgerycancausedamagetothisnerveandresulttodrynessoftheeyes
a. Chordatympani
b. arnold’snerve
c. Jacobson’snerver
d. Facialnerve
D
Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthemandibularnerve?
A.Thenervetothemasseterisbigandsensory
B.Thebuccalnerveisanteriorandmotor
C.The mylohyoidis anteriorbut motor
D.The auriculotemporalnerveis anteriorand motor
C
Whatdoesnotcorrectlydescribetheprocerus?
a. partoftheorbitalmusclegroup
b. isadeepmuscle
c. producestransverselinesintheforehead
d. liftsthenose
B
