Fabric Contruction

Question 0

What are the 3 main types of fabric construction?

Answer 0

~Woven
~Non-woven
~Knitted

Question 1

What are the steps in making fabrics?

Answer 1

FIBRES > (twisted and spun together to make…) > YARNS>(woven or knitted to make…)> FABRICS

Question 2

What two sets of yarn are used to make woven fabrics?

Answer 2

~The weft, which travels from right to left.

~The warp, which travels up and down the weave.

Question 3

What are the 3 woven weaves?

Answer 3

~Plain weave
~Twill weave
~Satin weave

Question 4

Describe how plain weave is weaved.

Answer 4

(The simplest weave)- the weft yarn passes over and under alternate warp yarns, making it unpatterned.

Question 5

Properties of plain weave and advantages.

Answer 5

It’s hard-wearing- strong and holds its shape well. It has a smooth finish (making it good for printing on).
It’s the cheapest weave to produce.

Question 6

How is twill weave, weaved?

Answer 6

A twill weave create a diagonal pattern on the surface of the fabric. The weft goes over two yarns and under, repeating this but one warp yarn further along.

Question 7

Properties of twill weave.

Answer 7

It’s stronger and drapes better than plain weave. (It’s used for fabric such as denim).

Question 8

How is satin weave, weaved?

Answer 8

The weft yarn goes over four or more warp threads and under one.

Question 9

Properties of satin weave.

Answer 9

The long weft yarns on the surface (floats) catch the light, so satin weave makes shiny fabrics. But the floats can snag, so the fabric is quite delicate and doesn’t resist abrasion.

Question 10

What are non-woven fabrics?

Answer 10

They are layers of fibres held together by bonding or felting.

Question 11

Properties of non-woven fibres.

Answer 11

They don’t fray, and can be cut in any direction. They don’t stretch and aren’t very strong

Question 12

How are stitch-bonded non-woven fabric made?

Answer 12

The “webs” of fibres are held together by glue, stitches, needle-punching or heat.

Question 13

What are stitch-bonded non-woven fabric used for?

Answer 13

Interfacing, artificial leathers and disposable cloths.

Question 14

How are felted fabrics made?

Answer 14

Felt is made by combining pressure, moisture, and hear to interlock a mat of wool fibres.

Question 15

What can felted fabrics be used for?

Answer 15

For carpet underlay, craft material, hats, jewellery ad snooker table coverings.

Question 16

How are knitted fabrics made?

Answer 16

They are made by interlocking one or more yarns together using loops. These loops trap air.

Question 17

Properties of knitted yarns.

Answer 17

They stretch more than woven fabrics and are good insulators.

Question 18

What are the 2 types of knitted fabrics?

Answer 18

~Weft-knitted fabrics

~Warp-knitted fabrics

Question 19

How are weft-knitted fabrics made?

Answer 19

The yarn runs across the fabric, making interlocking loops with the row of yarn beneath. They are produced by hand or machine.

Question 20

What are the properties of weft-knitted fabrics?

Answer 20

Thy stretch, can loose their shape easily and can unravel and make a ‘ladder’.

Question 21

What are weft-knitted fabrics used for?

Answer 21

Jumpers, socks, and t-shirt.

Question 22

How are warp-knitted fabrics made?

Answer 22

The yarns run “up” the fabric, in loops, which interlock vertically. They are produced by machine.

Question 23

Properties of warp-knitted fabrics.

Answer 23

Stretchy, but still keep their shape. They are hard to unravel and are less likely to ‘ladder’.

Question 24

What are warp-knitted fabrics used for?

Answer 24

Tights, swimwear, fleeces and some bed sheets.