Fabric construction Flashcards
What are the two types of fibres?
Natural fibres and Manmade fibres
Name 5 natural animals fibres
silk, wool, alpaca, mohair and angora
Name 5 natural plant fibres
cotton, flax, coir, hemp, jute
What types of manmade fibres are there?
Synthetic (Made from chemicals which come from oil or coal), smart and regenerated cellulose (A mix of chemicals and cellulose)
What do we do with fibres?
Fibres are spun into yarn, yarn is then knitted or woven into fabric.
What are the properties of woven fabric?
Strong, does not stretch, frays, cool, does not lose shape
Give an example of a woven fabric?
Denim
What are the properties of knitted fabric?
Made from loops, it’s stretchy, doesn’t fray, it’s warm, loses shape, unravels easily
Give an example of a knitted fabric?
Fleece
Give 3 examples of synthetic fibres
Polyester, Acrylic, Nylon
Give 2 examples of regenerated cellulose fibres
Viscose, Acetate
What is a smart fibre?
Fibres that change when exposed to light, temperature or pressure
What are the three types of woven yarns?
Plain weave
Twill weave
Satin weave
Does a plain weave have a pattern?
No
Does a twill weave have a pattern, if so what is it?
A diagonal pattern
What fabric is usually made by the plain weave?
Cotton based fabrics
Give two properties of a twill weave
Strong
Good for draping
How are non woven fabrics held together?
By bonding or felting
Do non woven fabrics fray?
no
Can non woven fabrics be cut in any direction?
yes
Give two properties of non woven fibres?
- Not stretchy
- Not strong
How are knitted fabrics made?
By interlocking one or more yarns together using loops
LUS
Knitted fabrics:
Lose shape easily
Unravels
Stretchy
What are yarns made of?
Fibres
What are the two ways to combine fabrics?
Blending and mixing
What is a bad thing about blending cotton and polyester fibres?
Highly flammable
What is a really strong polymer that’s chemically made and spun into strong fibres?
Kevlar
What is the fire resistant fabric used for firefighters?
Nomex
Why is Tencel environmentally friendly?
It’s made of sustainable wood pulp and minimising energy use and waste
What is the only natural filament fibre?
Silk
List the properties of wool?
Warm, absorbent with low flammability
What are the advantages of blending polyester and cotton fibres for school shirts?
They are crease resistant, east to wash, quick to dry, absorbent, comfortable
