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Psychology > FA1 > Flashcards

FA1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Correlational, ordinal (qualitative)

A

Spearman’s correlation coefficient

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2
Q

Correlation, interval or ratio (quantitative), non-parametric

A

Spearman’s correlation coefficient

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3
Q

Correlation, interval or ratio (quantitative), parametric

A

Pearson’s correlation coefficient

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4
Q

Experimental, independent groups, ordinal

A

Mann-Whitney u test

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5
Q

Experimental, independent groups, interval or ratio, non-parametric

A

Mann-Whitney u test

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6
Q

Experimental, independent groups, interval or ratio, parametric

A

T-test (unpaired)

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7
Q

Experimental, matched participants or repeated measures, ordinal

A

Wilcoxon-signed ranks test

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8
Q

Experimental, matched participants or repeated measures, interval or ratio, non-parametric

A

Wilcoxon-signed ranks test

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9
Q

Experimental, matched participants or repeated measures, interval or ratio, parametric

A

T-test (paired)

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10
Q

Design
* Independent groups design
* Sample Size: 20 participants

A

Mann-Whitney U
- Independent groups design
- Not normally distributed data as sample is less an 15/group

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11
Q

Why do you use mean as a central tendency?

A

Because there are no outliers

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12
Q

Why do you use median as a central tendency?

A

Because there are outliers

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13
Q

Where you are giving your “opinion/rating” =

A

Ordinal

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14
Q

Where you are stating a “measured” variable e.g. time =

A

At least interval

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15
Q

Note:
Independent groups design means

A

two names = Mann-Whitney

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16
Q

E.g. relationship question + answer

The relationship between age and the identification of faces in ambiguous pictures

A

The relationship is positive and strong

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17
Q

Contrasting current research and previous research

A

The Pearson correlation coefficient for the current research (0.98) is larger than the Pearson correlation coefficient for previous (0.70) indicating a stronger relationship

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18
Q

Conclusion =

A

As … (e.g. age) increases, so does the … (e.g. identification of faces in ambiguous figures)

19
Q

Distinguish standard deviation e.g.

A

The data for the matching condition (1.17) had a larger standard deviation compared to the data for the mismatching condition (0.79).

20
Q

Greatest variability =

A

Largest standard deviation

21
Q

Strong

A

0.7

22
Q

Moderate

A

0.3

23
Q

Weak

A

0.1

24
Q

p = 0.05 or more

A

Fail to reject

25
Q

p = <0.05

A

Reject

26
Q

Independent groups design

A

Groups only try one condition, Mann-Whitney U

27
Q

Repeated measures design

A

The groups try both conditions

28
Q

Parametric for experimental

A

More than or equal to 15

29
Q

Parametric for correlational

A

More than or equal to 25

30
Q

Standard error of the mean

A

Precision of estimating the population mean (higher is less precision)

31
Q

If the tail of graph is on the left it is

A

negative

32
Q

If the tail of graph is on the right it is

A

positive

33
Q

What does a distinguish question require?

A
  • Definition of 1st concept
  • ‘whereas’ (conjunction)
  • Definition of 2nd concept
34
Q

What does a contrast question require?

A
  • Definition of 1st concept (what do they share)
  • ‘whereas’ (conjunction)
  • Definition of 2nd concept (where do they differ)

(GIVE MORE)

35
Q

What does a compare question require?

A
  • State a similarity using concept 1 and 2 ‘are both’
  • State a difference using concept 1 ‘whereas’ concept 2
  • State a significance of either the similarity OR difference ‘this is significant because…’
36
Q

Confidence interval

A

range of values
true population mean

37
Q

The smaller the confidence interval…

A

the more precise the estimate and the greater the certainty when estimating the population mean

38
Q

Less than .05 p-value

A

statistically significant and the null hypothesis can be rejected, the alternative hypothesis is supported

39
Q

Equal to or greater than .05 p-value

A

not statistically significant and the null hypothesis cannot be rejected

40
Q

Error bars are overlapping

A

no statistical significant difference

41
Q

Error bars are not overlapping

A

there is a statistically significant difference between the two conditions

42
Q

Error bars are substantially overlapping

A

no statistically significant difference

43
Q

Type I error

A

P-value said there is a significant difference but in the population there is actually no significant difference
Also known as a false positive

44
Q

Type II error

A

P-value said there is no significant difference but in the population there is actually a significant difference
Also known as a false negative

Psychology (15 decks)

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