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Review > FA Rapid Review I > Flashcards

FA Rapid Review I Flashcards

1
Q

Often precedes squamous cell carcinoma

A

Actinic keratosis

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2
Q

Primary adrenocortical deficiency

A

Addison’s disease

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3
Q

Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, short stature, young girls

A

Albright’s syndrome

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4
Q

Guillain-Barre (inc protein in CSF with only modest inc in cell count)

A

Albuminocytologic dissociation

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5
Q

Hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness

A

Alport’s syndrome

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6
Q

Goodpastures syndrome

A

Anti basement membrane antibodies

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7
Q

Scleroderma (CREST)

A

Anticentromere antibodies

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8
Q

SLE (type III hypersensitivity)

A

Anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies (ANA antibodies)

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9
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris

A

Anti-epithelial cell antibodies

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10
Q

Celiac disease

A

Anti-gliadin antibodies

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11
Q

Drug-induced SLE

A

Antihistone antibodies

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12
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Anti-IgG antibodies

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13
Q

primary biliary cirrhosis

A

Antimitochondrial antibodies

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14
Q

Vasculitis

A

Antineutrophil antibodies

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15
Q

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

A

Antiplatelet antibodies

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16
Q

Marfan’s syndrome

A

Arachnodactyly

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17
Q

Neurosyphilis

A

Argyll Robertson pupil

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18
Q

Cerebellar tonsillar herniation

A

Arnold-Chiari malformation

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19
Q

Rheumatic fever

A

Aschoff bodies

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20
Q

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

A

Atrophy of the mammillary bodies

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21
Q

Acute myelogenous leukemia (especially the promyelocytic type)

A

Auer rods

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22
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Autosplenectomy

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23
Q

UMN lesion

A

Babinski’s sign

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24
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Baker’s cyst in popliteal fossa

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25
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Bamboo spine on x-ray

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26
Q

Hyperreninemia

A

Bartter’s syndrome

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27
Q

Lead poisoning

A

Basophilic stippling of RBCs

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28
Q

Defective dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne’s

A

Becker’s muscular dystrophy

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29
Q

LMN CN VII palsy

A

Bell’s palsy

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30
Q

Multiple myeloma (kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine), Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia (IgM)

A

Bence Jones proteins

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31
Q

IgA nephropathy

A

Berger’s disease

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32
Q

Defect in platelet adhesion

A

Bernard-Soulier disease

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33
Q

Sarcoidosis

A

Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis

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34
Q

Histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)

A

Birbeck granules on EM

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35
Q

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

Bloody tap on LP

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36
Q

Chronic bronchitis

A

Blue bloater

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37
Q

Fibrocystic change of the breast

A

Blue-domed cysts

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38
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta

A

Blue sclera

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39
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot; RVH

A

Boot-shaped heart on x-ray

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40
Q

Osteoarthritis (PIP swelling 2° to osteophytes)

A

Bouchard’s nodes

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41
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Boutonnière deformity

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42
Q

Actinomyces israelii

A

Branching rods in oral infection

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43
Q

Hemorrhage causes brown color of osteolytic cysts: 1. Hyperparathyroidism 2. Osteitis fibrosa cystica (von Recklinghausen’s disease)

A

Brown tumor of bone

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44
Q

X-linked agammaglobulinemia

A

Bruton’s disease

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45
Q

Posthepatic venous thrombosis

A

Budd-Chiari syndrome

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46
Q

Small/medium-artery vasculitis

A

Buerger’s disease

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47
Q

8:14 translocation; associated with EBV; “starry sky” appearance on histology

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

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48
Q

Lead poisoning

A

Burton’s lines

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49
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis

A

c-ANCA, p-ANCA

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50
Q

Neurofibromatosis

A

Café-au-lait spots on skin

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51
Q

Gas emboli

A

Caisson disease

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52
Q

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

A

Calf pseudohypertrophy

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53
Q

Granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary

A

Call-Exner bodies

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54
Q

Chagas’ disease

A

Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy

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55
Q

Mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)

A

Cerebriform nuclei

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56
Q

Trypanosome infection

A

Chagas’ disease

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57
Q

1° syphilis (not painful)

A

Chancre

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58
Q

Haemophilus ducreyi (painful)

A

Chancroid

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59
Q

Multiple sclerosis (nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech), cholangitis (jaundice, RUQ pain, fever)

A

Charcot’s triad

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60
Q

Bronchial asthma (eosinophil membranes)

A

Charcot-Leyden crystals

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61
Q

Phagocyte deficiency

A

Chédiak-Higashi disease

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62
Q

Tay-Sachs, Niemann-Pick disease, central retinal artery occlusion

A

Cherry-red spot on macula

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63
Q

Central apnea in CHF and inc intracranial pressure

A

Cheyne-Stokes respirations

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64
Q

Endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries)

A

Chocolate cysts

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65
Q

Predisposition to gastric carcinoma

A

Chronic atrophic gastritis

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66
Q

Hypocalcemia (facial muscle spasm upon tapping)

A

Chvostek’s sign

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67
Q

DES exposure in utero

A

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina

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68
Q

Gardnerella vaginitis

A

Clue cells

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69
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

Codman’s triangle on x-ray

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70
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis

A

Cold agglutinins

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71
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Cold intolerance

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72
Q

secondary syphilis

A

Condylomata lata

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73
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Continuous machinery murmur

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74
Q

Debranching enzyme deficiency

A

Cori’s disease

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75
Q

Chronic hypertension

A

Cotton-wool spots

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76
Q

Measles

A

Cough, conjunctivitis, coryza + fever

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77
Q

Toxic or viral hepatitis

A

Councilman bodies

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78
Q

Herpesvirus

A

Cowdry type A bodies

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79
Q

Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis

A

Crescents in Bowman’s capsule

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80
Q

Congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

A

Crigler-Najjar syndrome

81
Q

Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns

A

Curling’s ulcer

82
Q

Klebsiella

A

Currant-jelly sputum

83
Q

Bronchial asthma (whorled mucous plugs)

A

Curschmann’s spirals

84
Q

Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury

A

Cushing’s ulcer

85
Q

DIC

A

D-dimers

86
Q

Parkinson’s disease (basal ganglia disorder..rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)

A

Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra

87
Q

Pellagra (niacin, vitamin B3 deficiency)

A

Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea

88
Q

Hand-Schuller-Christian disease

A

Diabetes insipidus + exophthalmos + lesions of skull

89
Q

Pasteurella multocida

A

Dog or cat bite

90
Q

Granuloma inguinale

A

Donovan bodies

91
Q

Post-MI fibrinous pericarditis

A

Dressler’s syndrome

92
Q

Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver)

A

Dubin-Johnson syndrome

93
Q

Deleted dystrophin gene (X-linked recessive)

A

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

94
Q

Osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone)

A

Eburnation

95
Q

Trisomy 18 associated with rocker-bottom feet, low-set ears, heart disease

A

Edwards’ syndrome

96
Q

Late cyanosis shunt (uncorrected L2R shunt becomes R2L shunt)

A

Eisenmenger’s complex

97
Q

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

A

Elastic skin

98
Q

Superior trunk (C5-C6) brachial plexus injury (“waiter’s tip”)

A

Erb-Duchenne palsy

99
Q

Lyme disease

A

Erythema chronicum migrans

100
Q

Proximal tubular reabsorption defect

A

Fanconi’s syndrome

101
Q

Acute cholecystitis

A

Fat, female, forty, and fertile

102
Q

Alcoholism

A

Fatty liver

103
Q

Asbestosis

A

Ferruginous bodies

104
Q

Colon polyps with osteomas and soft tissue tumors

A

Gardner’s syndrome

105
Q

Glucocerebrosidase deficiency

A

Gaucherfs disease

106
Q

Primary TB

A

Ghon focus

107
Q

Benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

A

Gilbert’s syndrome

108
Q

Defect in platelet aggregation

A

Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia

109
Q

Autoantibodies against alveolar and glomerular basement membrane proteins

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

110
Q

Duchenne’s (use of patient’s arms to help legs pick self off the floor)

A

Gowers’ maneuver

111
Q

Idiopathic polyneuritis

A

Guillain-Barre syndrome

112
Q

beta-thalassemia, sickle cell anemia (extramedullary hematopoiesis)

A

Hair-on-end (crew-cut) appearance on x-ray

113
Q

Chronic progressive histiocytosis

A

Hand-Schuller-Christian disease

114
Q

Thalassemia major

A

HbF

115
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

HbS

116
Q

Choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole (occurs with and without embryo)

A

hCG elevated

117
Q

Osteoarthritis (DIP swelling secondary to osteophytes)

A

Heberden’s nodes

118
Q

G6PD deficiency

A

Heinz bodies

119
Q

Hypersensitivity vasculitis associated with hemorrhagic urticaria and URIs

A

Henoch-Schonlein purpura

120
Q

Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)

A

Heterophil antibodies

121
Q

Wet beriberi (thiamine, vitamin B1 deficiency)

A

High-output cardiac failure (dilated cardiomyopathy)

122
Q

Reiter’s syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis

A

HLA-B27

123
Q

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells)

A

HLA-DR3 or -DR4

124
Q

Neuroblastoma

A

Homer Wright rosettes

125
Q

Interstitial fibrosis

A

Honeycomb lung on x-ray

126
Q

Ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis

A

Horner’s syndrome

127
Q

Splenectomy (or nonfunctional spleen)

A

Howell-Jolly bodies

128
Q

Caudate degeneration (autosomal dominant)

A

Huntington’s disease

129
Q

Kluver-Bucy syndrome (amygdala)

A

Hyperphagia + hypersexuality + hyperorality + hyperdocility

130
Q

1* adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease)

A

Hyperpigmentation of skin

131
Q

Macrocytic anemia

A

Hypersegmented neutrophils

132
Q

Conn’s syndrome

A

Hypertension + hypokalemia

133
Q

Iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning

A

Hypochromic microcytosis

134
Q

Anencephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects)

A

Increased alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

135
Q

Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, myeloproliferative disorders, loop and thiazide diuretics

A

Increased uric acid levels

136
Q

Adenovirus (causes hyperplasia of Peyer’s patches)

A

Intussusception

137
Q

Endocarditis

A

Janeway lesions

138
Q

Syphilis..overaggressive treatment of an asymptomatic patient that causes symptoms due to rapid lysis

A

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction

139
Q

Neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality

A

Job’s syndrome

140
Q

AIDS in MSM (men who have sex with men)

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma

141
Q

Dynein defect

A

Kartagener’s syndrome

142
Q

Wilson’s disease

A

Kayser-Fleischer rings

143
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Keratin pearls

144
Q

Diabetic nephropathy

A

Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules

145
Q

Bilateral amygdala lesions

A

Kluver-Bucy syndrome

146
Q

HPV

A

Koilocytes

147
Q

Measles

A

Koplik spots

148
Q

Gastric adenocarcinoma with ovarian metastases

A

Krukenberg tumor

149
Q

Diabetic ketoacidosis

A

Kussmaul hyperpnea

150
Q

Marfan’s syndrome (fibrillin deficit)

A

Lens dislocation + aortic dissection + joint hyperflexibility

151
Q

HGPRT deficiency

A

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

152
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

Lewy bodies

153
Q

Endocarditis associated with SLE

A

Libman-Sacks disease

154
Q

Arterial thrombus

A

Lines of Zahn

155
Q

Neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen’s disease)

A

Lisch nodules

156
Q

Multiple myeloma

A

Lytic bone lesions on x-ray

157
Q

Alcoholic liver disease

A

Mallory bodies

158
Q

Esophagogastric lacerations

A

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

159
Q

Muscle phosphorylase deficiency

A

McArdle’s disease

160
Q

Appendicitis

A

McBurney’s sign

161
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

MLF syndrome (INO)

162
Q

Multiple myeloma (called the M protein; usually IgG or IgA), MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance), Waldenström’s (M protein = IgM) macroglobulinemia

A

Monoclonal antibody spike

163
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Myxedema

164
Q

Wegener’s and Goodpasture’s (hemoptysis and glomerular disease)

A

Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis

165
Q

Gout

A

Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals

166
Q

Rabies

A

Negri bodies

167
Q

Alport’s syndrome

A

Nephritis + cataracts + hearing loss

168
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

Neurofibrillary tangles

169
Q

Sphingomyelinase deficiency

A

Niemann-Pick disease

170
Q

Sheehan’s syndrome (pituitary infarction)

A

No lactation postpartum

171
Q

CHF

A

Nutmeg liver

172
Q

Malignant mesothelioma

A

Occupational exposure to asbestos

173
Q

Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid

A

Orphan Annie nuclei

174
Q

Endocarditis

A

Osler’s nodes

175
Q

CMV

A

Owl’s eye

176
Q

Pancreatic cancer (head)

A

Painless jaundice

177
Q

Henoch-Schönlein purpura

A

Palpable purpura on legs and buttocks

178
Q

Bronchogenic apical tumor associated with Horner’s syndrome

A

Pancoast’s tumor

179
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Pannus

180
Q

Nigrostriatal dopamine depletion

A

Parkinson’s disease

181
Q

Pyogenic osteomyelitis

A

Periosteal elevation on x-ray

182
Q

Benign polyposis

A

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

183
Q

Penile fibrosis

A

Peyronie’s disease

184
Q

CML (may sometimes be associated with AML)

A

Philadelphia chromosome (bcr-abl )

185
Q

Pick’s disease

A

Pick bodies

186
Q

Progressive dementia, similar to Alzheimer’s

A

Pick’s disease

187
Q

Emphysema (centroacinar [smoking], panacinar [alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency])

A

Pink puffer

188
Q

Esophageal webs with iron deficiency anemia

A

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

189
Q

Gout (MP joint of hallux)

A

Podagra

190
Q

Minimal change disease

A

Podocyte fusion

191
Q

Dry beriberi (thiamine, vitamin B1 deficiency)

A

Polyneuropathy, cardiac pathology, and edema

192
Q

Guillain-Barre syndrome

A

Polyneuropathy preceded by GI or respiratory infection

193
Q

Lysosomal glucosidase deficiency associated with cardiomegaly

A

Pompe’s disease

194
Q

Hemangioma

A

Port-wine stain

195
Q

Anterior cruciate ligament injury

A

Positive anterior “drawer sign”

196
Q

Vertebral tuberculosis

A

Pott’s disease

197
Q

Glioblastoma multiforme

A

Pseudopalisade tumor cell arrangement

198
Q

Ewing’s sarcoma

A

Pseudorosettes

199
Q

Horner’s syndrome (Pancoast’s tumor)

A

Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis

Review (2 decks)

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