FA Classic-Relevant Treatments Flashcards
Absence seizures
Ethosuximide
Acute Gout Attack
NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)
All-trans retinoic acid
ADHD
Methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine
Alcoholism
Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care
Alcohol withdrawal
Long-acting benzodiazepines
Anorexia
Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine
Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue
Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
alpha1-antagonists, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors
Bipolar disorder
Mood stabilizers (eg. lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), typical antipsychotics
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women
Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)
Beurger disease
Smoking cessation
Bulimia nervosa
SSRIs
Candida albicans
Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphoteracin B (systemic)
Carcinoid syndrome
Octreotide
Chlamydia trachomatis
Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)
Chronic gout
Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (eg. allopurinol, febuxostat); pegloticase; probenecid
Chronic hepatitis B or C
IFN-alpha (HBV and HCV); ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)
Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Imatinib
Clostridium botulinum
Antitoxin
C. difficile
Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin
C. tetani
Antitoxin
CMV
Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir
Crohn disease
Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine
Cryptococcus neoformans
Fluconazole (in AIDS patients)
Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
Mesna
Depression
SSRIs (first line)
Diabetes insipidus
Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
Diabetes mellitus type 1
Dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Fluids, insulin, K+
Drug of choice for anticoagulation during pregnancy
Heparin
Enterococci
Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins
Erectile dysfunction
Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil
ER (+) breast cancer
Tamoxifen
Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
H. influenzae (B)
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
Generalized anxiety disorder
SSRIs, SNRIs (first line); buspirone (second line)
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)
Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids
Heparin reversal
Protamine sulfate
HER2/neu (+) breast cancer
Trastuzumab
Hyperaldosteronism
Spironolactone
Hypercholesterolemia
Statin (first line)
Hypertriglyceridemia
Fibrate
Immediate anticoagulation
Heparin
Infertility
Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsitile), clomiphene
Influenza
Oseltamivir, zanamivir
Kawasaki disease
IVIG, high dose aspirin
Legionella pneumophila
Macrolide
Long term anticoagulation
Warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban
Malaria
Chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont), primaquine for liver hypnozoite)
Malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene
Medical abortion
Mifepristone
Migraine
Abortive therapies (eg. sumatriptan, NSAIDS), prophylaxis (eg. propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)
Multiple sclerosis
Disease-modifying therapies (eg. B-interferon, natalizumab); for acute flares, use IV steroids
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C. trochomatis)
Neisseria meningitidis
Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)
Neural tube defect prevention
Prenatal folic acid
Osteomalacia/rickets
Vitamin D supplementation
Osteoporosis
Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis); bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Close: indomethacin
Pheochromocytoma
alpha-antagonists (eg. phenoxybenzamine)
Pneumocystis jirovecii
TMP-SMX (prophylaxis and treatment in immunocompromised patients)
Prolactinoma
Cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)
Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibrinoids
Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)
Prostate adenocarcinoma
Flutamide
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Anti-pseudomonal penicillins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)
Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol
Rickettsia rickettsii
Doxycycline, chloramphenicol
Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
Atypical antipsychotics
Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
Typical and atypical antipsychotics
SIADH
Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline
Sickle cell disease
Hydroxyurea (increases fetal hemoglobin)
Sporothrix schenckii
Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide
Stable angina
Sublingual nitroglycerin
S. aureus
MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins)
Streptococcus bovis
Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)
Temporal arteritis
High-dose steroids
Tonic-clonic seizures
Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
Toxoplasma gondii
Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
Treponema pallidum
Penicillin
Trichomonas vaginalis
Metronidazole (patient and partner)
Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)
Carbamazepine
Ulcerative colitis
5-ASA preparations (eg. mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy
UTI prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
Warfarin reversal
Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (non-acute)