F8 Flashcards
How can neurons find their place
Chemoattractant towards target cells
chemoattractant from growth cone causes bundling
Chemorepellent from growth cones, dependent on target cell chemoattractant, causes dispersion near target
cone growth towards chemical gradient
A diffusion of 1m(the length of the largest axon) requires
active transport
Reaction diffusion systems are An important class of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ consisting of \_\_\_\_\_
pattern forming systems
chemicals diffusing and reacting with each other
If the interactions are nonlinear and the diffusion coefficients different, then ________
interesting instabilities result
Reaction diffusion systems can be modelled with _________ or _______
partial differential equations
cellular automata
Self organization
In biological systems ___________ combined with ___________ are able to produce very complex patterns
chemical signals
non-linear local interaction
Symmetry breaking: the initial undifferentiated state is ________. Feedback amplifies ___________, turning ______ into ________
unstable
deviations
noise
pattern
Ways in which organisms use R-D systems
Diffusion is a physical process, but is not used at all
To transport molecules
To send signals
To create macroscopic patterns
Calcium is a vital _________
second messenger
Ca2+ controls ____, ____, ___, ___, ___, and so on
secretion cell movement muscular contraction cell differentiation ciliary beating
Calcium is important in both ______ and _______ cells
excitable and non-excitable cells
Calcium is ______ in cells and ________ at high concentrations
Well-regulated, Toxic
Calcium can activate _______________
Ca-sensitive ion channels
Calcium dynamics: exponentially decaying pool differential equation
d[Ca2+]/dt = -Ica/2Fv - ß([Ca2+] - Ca[2+]min)
Advantages of the exponentially decaying pool
There are only 3 parameters
