F3 Key Concepts

Question 1

What is an atom?

Answer 1

An atom is the smallest unit of an element which has the chemical properties of that element.

Question 2

What is the atomic number of an element?

Answer 2

Atomic number of an element = number of protons in an atom of the element

Question 3

What is the mass number of an atom?

Answer 3

Mass number of an atom = number of protons + number of neutrons in the atom

Question 4

What are isotopes?

Answer 4

Isotopes are atoms of the same element, with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.

Question 5

What is the relative atomic mass?

Answer 5

The relative atomic mass of an element is the weighted average of the relative isotopic masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of thatelement on the Carbon 12 scale.

Question 6

What is metallic bond?

Answer 6

Metallic bond referes to the electrostatic attraction between delocalized electrons and metal ions.

Question 7

What is an ionic bond? How is it formed?

Answer 7

Ionic bond refers to the electrstatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
An ionic bond forms by the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another.

Question 8

What is a covalent bond? How is it formed?

Answer 8

Covalent bond refers to the electrostatic attraction between the shared electrons (negatively charged) and the two nucleii (positively charged) of the bonded atoms.
A covalent bond forms by the sharing of outermost shell electrons between two atoms.

Question 9

What is a dative covalent bond?

Answer 9

A dative covalent bond is a covalent bond formed between two atoms where both electrons in the shared pair are contributed by the same atom.