F Mich Trials Definitions

Question 1

Philosophy

Answer 1

The study of the nature of reality,knowledge or values. Meaning ‘love of wisdom’

Question 2

Ethics

Answer 2

An area of philosophy concerned with what it means to be good

Question 3

Ad hominem fallacy

Answer 3

Criticising the person giving the argument rather than the argument itself

Question 4

Principle of charity

Answer 4

The attempt to find the strongest and most persuasive version of the argument

Question 5

Straw man argument

Answer 5

An argument which sets up a simplistic version of an opponent argument, in order to refute it

Question 6

Plato

Answer 6

(428-348 BCE)Considered the father of western philosophy. Founded the academy in Athens the first university in the western world

Question 7

Socrates

Answer 7

(470-399) The teacher of Plato lived in Athens. Cause controversy by disputing with people about truth and goodness. Sentenced to death but committed suicide

Question 8

Correspondence theory of truth

Answer 8

Philosophical idea that what makes something true is because it mirrors the way things are in reality

Question 9

Iff

Answer 9

Shorthand: if and only if

Question 10

Empiricism

Answer 10

Philosophical view that all human knowledge is founded of experience

Question 11

Objective

Answer 11

Do not depend on a view of a person. Facts are objective

Question 12

Subjective

Answer 12

Dependent on a person’s view

Opinion

Question 13

Rhetorical

Answer 13

Language used in order to persuade

Question 14

Hume’s law

Answer 14

The argument that ‘ought’ statements cannot be derived from ‘is’ statements ( it ought to be raining cannot be derived from it is raining

Question 15

David Hume

Answer 15

(1711-1776) Scottish philosopher best known for his views that all knowledge is founded on experience

Question 16

Scepticism

Answer 16

The habit of doubting the truth or existence of things

Question 17

Academic scepticism

Answer 17

The belief that knowledge of the world gained through the senses cannot be trusted

Question 18

Pyrrhonian scepticism

Answer 18

A radical sort of scepticism that doubts that any claims about the world were possible

Question 19

Epistemology

Answer 19

The area of philosophy concerned with what can be known, and how we know that

Question 20

Theology

Answer 20

The study of the nature of god

Question 21

Natural theology

Answer 21

The idea that something about gods nature and plan can be known through human experience of the world

Question 22

Revealed theology

Answer 22

The idea that god can only be known in so far as he allows himself to be known the Jesus

Question 23

Theism

Answer 23

Belief in god

Question 24

Atheism

Answer 24

Belief god doesn’t exist

Question 25

Agnosticism

Answer 25

A state of uncertainty to whether god exists or a belief that the existence of god cannot be(dis)proven

Question 26

Design argument

Answer 26

An attempt to use the beauty and complexity of earth to prove god exists

Question 27

Fine tuning argument

Answer 27

The argument that as the probability of the world sustaining itself is so low there must be a designer

Question 28

God of the gaps

Answer 28

A term used in criticism of the attempt to use god as an explanation only when other scientific explanations cannot be found