F. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment & G. Communicating with Older Persons Flashcards
is a complex process of sending and receiving verbal and non-verbal messages
Communication
it allows for an exchange of information and an expression of feelings, needs and preferences
Communication
_ is a two-way street
Communication
the speaker and listener are both responsible for improving the way they communicate with each other
Communication
Types of Communication
Verbal
Non-verbal
conscious use of spoken words
Verbal
characterized as simple, brief, clear, well-timed, relevant & credible
Verbal
use of gestures, expressions and behaviors or body language
Non-verbal
we communicate non-verbally through:
- Physical Appearance
- Posture gait
- Facial expression
- Gestures
are complex issues even under the most well-meaning circumstances
Information sharing
Information sharing:
- Elders & caregivers have different perspective
- Unintended consequences from family access to medical information
- Proper use of information
- Gradual transfer of control depending on health & functional status
involves a specialized approach used by healthcare providers and caregivers, ensuring their emotional well-being.
formal or therapeutic communication
examples of therapeutic communication
- Active listening and validation
- Non-verbal comfort
- Using simple language
- Reminiscing
- Offering choices
- Reassurance
- Art and creativity
- Sensory Stimulation
- Reality Orientation
this is casual communication between coworkers and patients to form social interaction outside the normal comfort zone
informal or social communication
Changes in _ and _ are most likely to affect communication, but other losses may affect how we think about older adults.
hearing and vision
five senses that tend to decline:
Hearing
Vision
Smell and taste
Touch
Reaction time slows
a medical term that is used to mean that a person has difficulty speaking because they aren’t able to form (articulate) the words
Dysarthria
Loss of teeth may impair speech; medication effects that decrease saliva can cause “dry mouth” may interfere
Oral health
several different types of brain disease and injury may result in loss of language
Brain Injury
inadequate “wind” or respiratory capacity to speak can make the person difficult to hear or understand
Lung Disease
the medical term that is often used for disease-related loss of language; may be either receptive and expressive; type of impairment includes the loss of ability to name items, put together sentences, understand and act on what is heard and read or write
Aphasia
involves the loss of ability to express oneself through speech
Expressive aphasia
involves the loss of ability to understand the spoken word
Receptive aphasia
cardiovascular accident (CVA), commonly called _, destroys the brain cells in specific areas of the brain; losses tend to be stable; may create either receptive or expressive aphasia
stroke
injury that causes the brain cell death; losses tend to be permanent and stable
Head Trauma
_ and other types of _ destroy brain cells gradually with loss of language occurring over time losses are permanent and interfere with every aspect of person’s ability to communicate
Alzheimer’s, dementia
brain diseases, particularly dementia cause many different types of disability along with loss of language; taking time to understand and declining memory
Multiple factors
Skills and Techniques
- Acknowledgement
- Participation
- Engagement
is accomplished by interviewing the client and observing his or her behaviors
Mental Health Screening
Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment include three assessments:
- Mental Health Screening
- Assessment of Activities of Daily Living
- Assessment for Depression
important verbal and behavioral clues about mental status can be assess throughout the entire duration of your interaction with the client
Mental Health Screening
Assessment of Mental Health Status include:
- Biographical Data
- History of Present Health Concern
- Lifestyle and Health Practices
Assessment of Mental Health Status uses:
Mental Status (SLUMS) Examination
is an evaluation of the persons ability to carry out the basics self care activities of daily living, such as bathing, eating, grooming and toileting
Functional Assessment
focus primarily on household chores such as, cooking, cleaning, laundry
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
mobility related activities such as, shopping and transportation
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
Cognitive abilities such as money management, using the telephone and making decisions affecting basic safety and social needs
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
Assessment of Activities of Daily Living uses:
Kaltz Basic Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Scale
_ is the most common mental health problems among older adults and it goes undetected because clinicians attribute depressive symptoms to age associated changes, chronic physical illness, medication side effects
Depression
is widely used by nurses to assess symptoms of depression
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)
A score of 0-30 is possible
0-9 being normal
10-19 indicating mild depression
20-30 indicating severe depressive symptoms
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)
