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psyc 302 > f > Flashcards

f Flashcards

1
Q

Nativist

A

Born with self-consciousness

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2
Q

Empiricist

A

Environmental factors through learning and experience

Learning through general information processing

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3
Q

Both nativist and empirist agree on

A

naive psychology

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4
Q

Meltzoff(1995) study with 18 month olds

A

Baby tried helping human to put cap on pen but not mechanical arm because it understands humans have intentions not inanimate objects

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5
Q

Fear of strangers:

A

5-7 months

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6
Q

separation anxiety

A

8 months

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7
Q

social smile

A

6-7 weeks

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8
Q

first negative emotion that appears

A

distress

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9
Q

social referencing

A

9-10 months
-see if something is safe from reaction of others

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10
Q

laughter

A

3-4 months

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11
Q

anger

A

2 months

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12
Q

fear

A

6-7 months

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13
Q

how do infants self regulate?

A

self calming behavior(6months,sucking thumb)
self distraction(4 months, looking away)

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14
Q

attachment to indivudal occurs at

A

6 months

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15
Q

ferguson and waxman

A

beeping experiment, non-human language can still facilitate infants object categorization only if it’s in a communicative exchange

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16
Q

david hume

A

discrete events can be combined to coherent wholes

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17
Q

discrete emotions(darwin)

A

emotions are distinct from one another

each emotion is specific to a certain bodily and facial reaction

emotions are automatic(cant control)

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18
Q

functionalist approach to emotions

A

emotions are affected by envrionemnt

emotions are subconscious at first but can be faked

emotions are used to promote action toward a goal

emotions are not discrete and vary based on social environment

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19
Q

harry harlow

A

monkey

wanted to test if attachment based on learning theory or comfort

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20
Q

bowlby

A

internal working model of attachment

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21
Q

mary ainsworth strange situation

A

4 attachment styles

22
Q

self conscious emotions

A

shame,guilt,envy,embarassment,pride

23
Q

francis guest lecture

A

babies prefer helpful characters over unhelpful character

24
Q

francis guest lecture: morality is infleunced by

A

language,culture, teaching from adults, personal experience

25
Q

between person attachmenton temperament

A

Thomas and Chess:infants categorized by easy,difficult,slow to warm up

26
Q

within person attachment

A

mary rothbart(6 dimensions to temperament)
-activity level
-attention span
-fearful distress
-irritable distress
-positive affect
-effortful control

27
Q

rene spitz orphanage experiemnt

A
28
Q

quality time at daycare

A

poor quality time at daycare can lead to insecure attachment even with good care at home

29
Q

what attachment looks diff across cultures

A

insecure attachment looks diff across cultures where as secure attachment looks the same

this is because of cultural differences and what infants are taught

30
Q

contributions of nature to attachment

A

Biology:
dopamine
serotonin
oxytocin

31
Q

oxytocin receptor

A

Variation of oxytocin gene receptor (OXTR)
AA AND AG alleles more likely to be secure attachment

32
Q

Freuds psychosexual development

A

everyhitng is about desire and sexual pleasure

33
Q

stage theory

A

each stage focused on a body part as a source of pleasure(oral stage,anal stage)

34
Q

Johnsons ball experiment

A

expectations of what mama ball does to baby ball should be equivalent to the child’s style of attachment

35
Q

core knowledge:

A

If you give certain properties to inanimate objects, babies will view them as animate objects

36
Q

Sarah hardy

A

alloparenting, we attach to multiple people

37
Q

How does infant develop sense of self?

A

Undesrantding movement of your own body parts(mobile task)

Infants prefer people who imitate them

Infants experience on the effect of their own environment:Joint attention

2 year old recognizes themselves in photos and shows self conscious emotions

separation anxiety

38
Q

tomm theory of mind(nativists)

A

Certain areas of the brain are consistently active in representing beliefs across different tasks and that the areas are different from those involved in other complex cognitive processes

39
Q

theory of mind empiricist

A

Some emphasis role of learning from experiences wit physical situations and with other people

Some emphasize growth of general information processing skills

40
Q

Between 12-18 months pretend play emerges:children create new symbolic relations

A
41
Q

object substitution

A

ignoring many of a play object’s characteristics so that they can pretend its something else

42
Q

infants perceive causal connection in some physical events by

A

6 months

43
Q

Major factor is infants acquire sense of space independent of their own location is

A

self locomotion

44
Q

Childrens emotional development is influenced by

A

parents Emotional socialization:direct and indirect influence that parents have on their childrens standards,values, and ways of thinking and feeling

45
Q

eeg activiation of frontal lobe

A

Activation of left frontal lobe is associated with approach behavior,positive affect, exploration, and sociability

Activation of right frontal lobe linked to withdrawal, state of uncertainty, fear, and anxiety

46
Q

Active child theme

A

childs temperamental characteristic can affect their environments and their parents behavior

47
Q

Goodness of fit

A

how well a child’s temperament matches demands of a particular context

48
Q

Differential susceptibility

A

same temperament characteristic that puts some children at high risk for negative outcomes when exposed to a harsh home environment also leads them to blossom when home environment are positive

49
Q

most children are able to distinguish themselves and other by both gender and age

A

15 months

50
Q
A

psyc 302 (2 decks)

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