ezcema/dermatitis

Question 1

what are the general symptoms of ezcema in the acute phase

Answer 1

papulvesicular
red lesions
oedema
ooze/scaling/crusting

Question 2

what are the general symptoms of ezcema in the chronic phase

Answer 2

thickening/lichenification
elevated plaques
increased scaling

Question 3

what is lichen simplex eczema, describe it

Answer 3

eczema caused by the patient scratching at the area

it will have very well defined edges

Question 4

what is seborrheic dermatitis also known as, who gets it?

Answer 4

cradle cap

young children/babies

Question 5

what is stasis eczema

Answer 5

this is eczema secondary to hydrostatic pressure, oedema and RBC extraversion

Question 6

what is contact allergic dermatitis

Answer 6

type 4 hypersensitivity reaction

Question 7

what causes contact allergic dermatitis

Answer 7

Langerhans cells in the epidermis processes antigen, the antigen is then presented to the Th cells in the dermis. The sensitised Th cells migrate into lymphatics then to regional nodes where antigen presentation is amplified. On subsequent antigen challenge the T cells proliferate and migrate and infiltrate the skin causing the dermatitis.

Question 8

what is the investigation for contact allergic dermatitis

Answer 8

patch testing

Question 9

what is irritant/ contact dermatitis

Answer 9

non-specific physical irritation not a specific allergic reaction

Question 10

what causes irritant/ contact dermatitis

Answer 10

trauma (e.g. soap/ detergent, nappy)

Question 11

what is the treatment of irritant/ contact dermatitis

Answer 11

avoidance of irritant

Question 12

what is atopic eczema/dermatitis

Answer 12

eczema/dermatitis caused by a mutation

Question 13

what causes atopic eczema/dermatitis

Answer 13

mutation in the filaggrin gene

Question 14

what are the symptoms of atopic eczema/dermatitis

Answer 14

itch
ill-defined erythema and scaling (BUZZWORD)
flexural distribution

Question 15

what are the chronic changes involved in atopic eczema/dermatitis

Answer 15

lichenification
skin picking
secondary infection

Question 16

what are the two common secondary infections of atopic eczema/dermatitis

Answer 16

staph aureus

ezcema herpeticum

Question 17

describe atopic eczema/dermatitis infected with staph aureus

Answer 17

golden crust/weeping

Question 18

what causes ezcema herpeticum

Answer 18

HSV

Question 19

describe ezcema herpeticum

Answer 19

monomorphic, punched-out lesions (BUZZWORD)

Question 20

what diseases are associated with atopic eczema/dermatitis

Answer 20

asthma
hayfever
peanut allergy

Question 21

how is atopic eczema/dermatitis diagnosed

Answer 21

must have itch + 3 or more of:

visible flexural rash (on check or extensor surfaces in infants)
history of visible fleuxural rash (on check or extensor surfaces in infants)
personal history of atopy or first degree relative with atopy if under 4
generally dry skin
onset before 2

Question 22

what is the general treatment for eczema/dermatitis

Answer 22

emollients
avoid irritants 
topical steroids
treat any infection 
phototherapy
systemic immunosuppression