Eysenck Flashcards
Eysenck believed that ______ were far more important than environmental ones in shaping personality and that personal traits could be measured by standardized personality inventories
genetic factors
Hierarchy of Measures
Types of Superfactors
Traits or personal disposition
Habitual acts or cognitions
Specific acts or cognitions
Major Personality Types
Psychoticism
Extraversion
Neuroticism
are characterized primarily by sociability and impulsiveness but also by jocularity, liveliness, quick-wittedness, optimism, and other traits indicative of people who are rewarded for their association with others
Extraverts
are characterized by traits opposite those of extraverts. They can be described as quiet, passive, unsociable, careful, reserved, thoughtful, pessimistic, peaceful, sober, and controlled
Introversion
a physiological condition that is largely inherited rather than learned
Cortical arousal level
often have a tendency to overreact emotionally and to have difficulty returning to a normal state after emotional arousal
Neuroticism
emotionally stable
being even-tempered, particularly in the face of challenges and threats
Stability
suggests that some people are vulnerable to illness because they have either a genetic or an acquired weakness that predisposes them to an illness.
This predisposition may interact with stress to produce a neurotic disorder
Diathesis-Stress Model
OF PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS
often egocentric, cold, nonconforming. impulsive, hostile, aggressive, suspicious, psychopathic, and antisocial
people high on this have a high “predisposition to succumb to stress and develop a psychotic illness”
Psychoticism
tend to be altruistic, highly socialized, empathic, caring cooperative, conforming, and conventional
low P scores not necessarily vulnerable to stress-related psychoses and will resist a psychotic break even in periods. of extreme stress
Superego
Measuring Personality
Maudsley Personality Inventory
Eysenck Personality Inventory
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
assessed only E and N and yielded some correlation between these two factors
Maudsley Personality Inventory
contams a lie (Li scale to detect faking, but more importantly, it measures extraversion and neuroticism independently with a near zero correlation between E and N
Eysenck Personality Inventory
Included a psychoticism (Pl scale
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
7 to 16 years of age by Sybil B. G. Eysenck
Junior Eysenck Personality Inventory
A MODEL OF THE MAJOR COMPONENTS OF EYSENCK’S THEORY OF PERSONALITY
Biological Bases of Personality
Eysenck argued that different combinations of P. E and N relate to a large number of behaviors and processes, such as academic performance, creativity, and antisocial behavior.
He cautioned that psychologists can be misled if they do not consider the various combinations of personality dimensions
Personality and Behavior
For many years, Eysenck researched the relationship between personality factors and disease. He teamed with Ronald Grossarth-Maticek to study the connection between characteristics and both cancer and cardiovascular disease and found that people with helpless/hopeless attitude were more likely to die from cancer, whereas people who reacted to frustration with anger and emotional arousal were much more likely die from cardiovascular disease
Personality and Disense
