Eyes- Eyelids & emergencies Flashcards
1
Q
what is blepharitis? causes?
A
- inflammation of lid margin causing irritation, itching and occasionally red eye
- caused by rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, allergic or contact dermatitis, Sjogren’s & irritants
2
Q
SSxs of blepharitis?
A
-eye irritation, tearing, photophobia, blurred vision, crusting, matting of lashes & medial canthus esp in morning
3
Q
PE findings of blepharitis?
A
- findings of associated conditions
- loss of lashes, whitening of lashes, scarring & misdirection of lashes, crusting of lashes & meibomian orifices, eyelid margin ulcer, lid irregularity
4
Q
what is an external hordeolum? cause? SSxs?
A
- a stye
- acute localized infxn or inflam of eyelid margin involving sebaceous gland, s. aureus
- starts w/pain, redness, tenderness followed by small, round, tender induration, lacrimation, photophobia, foreign body sundrome, pustule on lid margin
5
Q
what is an internal hordeolum? cause? SSxs?
A
- acute inflam of meibomian gland
- usu more severe
- pain, redness, edema more localized, abscess can form
- spontaneous rupture rare, recurrence common
6
Q
what is a chalazion/meibomian cyst?
A
- chronic enlargement of meibomian gland from infxn & occlusion of its duct often following inflam
- looks like a stye but painless
- chronic may look like BCC or SCC
- resolves after few days
- evert eyelid to see hyperemia & localized cyst
7
Q
what is entropion? what happens with lashes?
A
- lid inversion
- lid area atrophic or scarred
- lashes grow inward= irritation, blepharospasm, corneal ulceration & scarring
8
Q
what is ectropion? what happens with lashes?
A
- lid turns outward
- tissue relation w/aging, edema
- leads to poor drainage of tears, excess tearing, redness, irritation
9
Q
what is dacryoadenitis? acute vs chronic sx? abscess?
A
- enlarged lacrimal glands on upper aspect of eye
- tender, red if acute, painless if chronic
- can abscess
10
Q
what is dacryocystitis?
A
- inflammation of lacrimal sac
- usu secondary to obstruction of nasolacrimal duct
- tenderness, swelling, redness, may express pus from sac
11
Q
what is dacryostenosis?
A
- congenital narrowed lacrimal duct in neonate
- excess tearing, pus may be expressed
- usu resolves in 6 mo
12
Q
what would cause you to immediately refer a pt? b/c it could be what?
A
- painful eye, often red w/reduced vision: could be acute closed angle glaucoma
- problems causing sudden and profound vision loss w/or w/o pain: retinal detachment
- eye trauma
- infection spreading to eye: orbital cellulitis
- field defects
