Eyes, Ear, Nose, & Throat Flashcards
Myopia
- nearsightedness
- distant objects are blurry or fuzzy
- objects are seen clearly when they are close to the eye
Presbyopia
- loss ability for the Eye to focus on closed objects
- consider normal aging process, it is not an eye disease
What is the vision alteration of untreated open- angle glaucoma?
Peripheral vision loss
What is the vision alteration of Macular degeneration?
Central vision loss
What is the vision alteration of normative aging?
Need for increased illumination
What is most likely to be found on the funduscopic exam and a person with angle closure glaucoma?
A deeply – cupped optic disc
What is most likely to be found on the funduscopic exam in a person with arthrosclerotic changes in the back of the eye?
Arteriovenous nicking
What is most likely to be found on the funduscopic exam in the person with Papilledema?
Optic disc bulge
Slit – lamp examination
Evaluation of anterior Eye structures including cornea, conjunctiva, sclera, and Iris
Snellen chart
General vision acuity screen
Amsler grid test
Early detection of macular degeneration
Tonometry
Measurements of intraocular pressure, glaucoma screening test
What is most likely to be found on the funduscopic exam in a person with trauma, hypersensitive retinopathy or diabetic retinopathy?
Hemorrhagic lesions
What is the etiology of presbyopia?
Hardening of the lens
What is the etiology of senile cataracts?
Lens clouding
What are the results of senile cataracts?
Progressive vision dimming, distance vision problems, close vision usually retained and often initially improves
What are the risk factors of senile cataracts?
Tobacco use, poor nutrition, sun exposure, and systemic corticosteroids therapy
What is the etiology of open – angle glaucoma?
Painless, gradual onset of increased intraocular pressure leading to optic atrophy
What are the results of open – angle Glaucoma?
Loss of peripheral vision if untreated, avoidable with appropriate and ongoing intervention
What is the ideology of angle – closure glaucoma?
Sudden increase in intraocular pressure
What is the result of angle closure glaucoma?
Usually unilateral, acutely red, painful eye with vision change including halos around lights; eyeball when compared to other
What is the etiology of age related maculopathy (macular degeneration)?
Thickening, sclerotic changes and retinal basement membrane complex
What is the result of age related maculopathy (macular degeneration)?
- Painless vision changes including distortion of central vision.
- on funduscopic examination, drusen (soft yellow deposits in the macular region) often visible
What is the etiology of anosmia, hyposmia?
Neural degeneration
What are the results of anosmia, hyposmia?
Diminish sense of smell, with resulting decline in fine taste discrimination
What is the etiology of presbycusis?
Loss of the 8th cranial nerve sensitivity
What is the result of presbycusis?
Difficulty with conversation in noisy environment.
Person can hear but cannot understand what it said.
What is the etiology of cerumen impaction?
Conductive hearing loss.
What is the result of cerulean impaction?
General diminution of hearing.
