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MedAnatomy > Eyes And Ears > Flashcards

Eyes And Ears Flashcards

1
Q

apex of the orbital cavity is perforated by

A

optic foramen

SOF

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2
Q

superior orbital margin

A

frontal bone + sphenoid lesser wing

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3
Q

Inferior orbital amrgin

A

Zygoma + maxilla

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4
Q

Medial orbital margin

A

Process of frontal and maxilla

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5
Q

Lateral orbitla margin

A

Process of frontal and zygoma

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6
Q

Roof of orbital wall

A

Orbital plate frontal bone

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7
Q

Lateral orbital wall

A

Zgyoma and sphenoid greater wing

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8
Q

Floor orbital wall

A

orbital plate of maxilla

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9
Q

Medial orbital wall

A

Maxilla
Lacrimal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid

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10
Q

Formed by lacrimal + ethnoid bone

A

Lamina papyracea

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11
Q

The lamina papyracea forms the what

A

Lateral wall of ethmoid air cells

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12
Q

The nasolacrimal canal transmits

A

nasolacrimal duct

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13
Q

The inferior orbital fissure transmits the

A

Maxillary nerve (zygo branch)
Sympa nerves
Inf ophth vein

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14
Q

The superior orbital fissure transmits the

A

Oculo cn3
trochlear cn4
Abducent cn6
Sup ohpth vein

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15
Q

Optic canal transmits the

A

Ophth artery

Optic nerve

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16
Q

Clinical singificance in inf orb fissure

A

Cavernous sinus thrombosis

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17
Q

Entrance into the conjuctival sac, elliptical opening betwen the eyelids

A

Palpebral fissure

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18
Q

Sebaceous glands that open directly into eyelash follicles

A

Glands of Zeis

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19
Q

Ciliary glands, modified sweat glands opening between adjacent eyelashes

A

Molls

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20
Q

Modified sebaceous, ehich pour secretions into lid amrgin preventing overflow of tears

A

Tarsal/Meibonian glands

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21
Q

Thin mucous emmbrane lining the eylods

A

Palpebral conjuctiva

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22
Q

Epithelium continuous with the cornea

A

Bulbar conjunc

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23
Q

Arching folds connecting the conjuctival membrane inside the yelid with the eyeball

A

Fornix

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24
Q

Potential space that open into the palpebral fissure

A

Conjuctival sac

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25
Q

Small space that separates the eyeball to the medial angle of eye

A

Lacus lacrimalis

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26
Q

Small reddish elevation at the center of the lacus alcrimalis

A

Caruncula lacrimalis

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27
Q

Reddishs emilunar fold on the lateral side of the caruncula

A

Plica semilunaris

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28
Q

Small elevation of the eye projects into lacus

A

Papilla lavrimalis

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29
Q

Small hole on the summit of the pailla that leads into canaliculi lacrimalis

Carry tears to nose

A

punctum lacrimalis

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30
Q

Fibrous sheath attached to periosteum at the orbital margins

A

Orbital septum

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31
Q

Thickening of the orbital septum at the margins of the lids

A

Tarsal plates

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32
Q

Attached to bony tubercle within the orbital margin

A

Lateral palpebral ligament

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33
Q

Attached to crest of lacrimal bone

A

Medial palpebral ligament

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34
Q

Tarsal galnds are embedded where

A

Posterior surface of tarsal plates

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35
Q

Palpebral fibers covering the superf surface of the tarsal plates and setpum

Closes eyelids

A

Orbicularis oculi

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36
Q

parts of the orbicularis oculi

A

palbpebral

orbital

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37
Q

the aponeurosis of insertion pierces orbital septum to reach anterior surface of superior tarsal plates and skin

opens the eyelids

A

levator palpebrae superioris

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38
Q

infections of hair follicle/sebaceous glands

A

hordeolum (stye)

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39
Q

eye nodules, caused by tarsal gland ifnections, surgically removed

A

chalazion

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40
Q

presence of orbital cellulitis is secondary to

A

ethmoiditis

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41
Q

gland that produes tears

A

lacrimal gland

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42
Q

the lacrimal gland opens into the lateral part of superior fornix by how many glands

A

12

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43
Q

the lacrimal gland is divided or separated into 2 parts by the

A

aponeurosis of the levator palpebrae

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44
Q

flow of tears

A

lacrimal glands > superior fornix > lacus lacrimalis > puncta lacrimalis > canaliculus lacrimalis > lacrimal sac > nasolacrimal duct > inferior nasal meatus

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45
Q

art supply of lacrimal gland

A

lacrimal artery

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46
Q

NS of lacrimal gland

A

lacrimal nerve branch of ohpthalmic of trigeminal

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47
Q

sympathetic postganglionic nerve supply of the lacrimanl gland

A

internal carotid plexus

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48
Q

prevents air from being forced up into the duct when blowing nose

A

lacrimal fold

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49
Q

common origin of rectus muscles

A

tendon of Zinn

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50
Q

NS of superior, inferior and medial rectus muscle

A

occulomotor (CN3)

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51
Q

NS of lateral rectus muscle

A

abducent CN6 LR6

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52
Q

NS of superior oblique muscle

A

trochlear (CN4) SO4

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53
Q

NS of inferior oblique muscle

A

occulomotor CN3

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54
Q

action of sup oblique

A

downward lateral

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55
Q

action of inferior oblique

A

upward lateral

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56
Q

the fibrous coat of the eye is composed of

A

sclera

cornea

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57
Q

part of sclera that is piered by the optic nerve and fused with the dura of the nerve

A

lamina cribrosa

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58
Q

veins in the eyes are called

A

venae vorticosae

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59
Q

point of communication of the sclera and cornea

A

corneoscleral junction (limbus)

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60
Q

innervation of cornea

A

long ciliary nerves from ohpthalmic of trigeminal

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61
Q

provides oxygen and nourishment to outer retinal layers

A

choroid

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62
Q

membrane separating the choroid from the retina’s inner pigmented layer

A

Bruch’s membrane

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63
Q

shallow grooves of the ciliary ring

A

ciliary striae

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64
Q

produces aqueous humor

A

ciliary process

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65
Q

the ciliary process is connected to the

A

suspensory ligaments (Zonular ligament)

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66
Q

ciliary muscles

A

meridianal

circular

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67
Q

NS of ciliary muscle

A

parasym - CN3

postgang - short ciliary nerve

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68
Q

action of the ciliary muscles

A

pull ciliary body forward

release tension of the zonular ligament to increase RI

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69
Q

thin, contractile pigmented diaphragm with a central aprture (pupil)

A

iris

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70
Q

the iris divides the eye space into

A

anteriro and posterior chamber

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71
Q

the iris is connected to the ciliary body at the

A

level of limbus

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72
Q

muscles of iris and action

A

circular
radial

dilation and constriction

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73
Q

para NS of sphincter pupillae

A

oculo

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74
Q

postgang of sphincter pupillae

A

short ciliary

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75
Q

sympa NS of dilator pupillae

A

long ciliary nerves

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76
Q

layers of the choroid

A

outer pigmented

inner vascular

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77
Q

layers of the retina

A

outer pigmented

inner nervous

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78
Q

wavy ring at anterior edge of the retina where enrvous tissue ends

A

ora serrata

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79
Q

the receptive portion of the retina

A

posterior 3/4

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80
Q

ocal yellowisharea at the center of the posterior part of the retina, area for most distinct vision

A

macula lutea

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81
Q

central depression in the poster 3/4 of the retina

A

fovea centralis

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82
Q

entry of optic nerve in the retina, blind spot, insensitive to light

A

optic disc

83
Q

contents of the eyeball

A

aqeous humor
vitreous humor
lens

84
Q

where is aqueous humor found

A

anterior and osterior chamber of eyeball

85
Q

the aqeous humor flows from the psoterior chamber into the posterior chamber via the

A

pupil

86
Q

the aqueous humor is drained througgh the spaces at ____ into the ____

A

iridocorneal angle

canal of Schlemm

87
Q

an obstruction to the drainage of the aqueous humor will cause rise in intraocular pressure and lead to

A

glaucoma

88
Q

the aqueous humor removes products from the __ and ___

A

lens

cornea

89
Q

flow of aqueous humor

A

ciliary body > cleft of posterior chamber > pupil > anterior chamber > trabecular meshwork > Schlemm @ iridocorneal angle

90
Q

fills area behind lens

A

vitreous body

91
Q

narrow channel running through the vitreous body from the optic disc to the posterior surface of the lens

A

hyaloid canal

92
Q

in birth, the hyaloid canal is filled by

A

hyaline artery

93
Q

nearsightedness

A

myopia

94
Q

transparent, biconvex structure enclosed in a transparent capsule

A

lens

95
Q

The lens consists of

A

Elastic capsule
Cuboidal epithelium
Lens fibers

96
Q

Makes up the bulk of the lens

A

Lens fibers

97
Q

condition where lens become denser and less elastic, less accommodation

A

Presbyopia

98
Q

In bright light what happens

A

contract pupil become smaller

99
Q

Sa close objects what happens

A

Ciliary muscle contract and pull ciliary bosy forward inward

100
Q

collects air vibrations

A

auricle

101
Q

the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the auricle is supplied by what nerve

A

facial

102
Q

portion of EAM with hair , sebaceous and ceruminous glands

A

outer 1/3 cartilaginous protion

103
Q

modified sweat glands that secrete yellowish brown wax

A

ceruminous glands

104
Q

bony framework in the EAM formed by the tympanic plate

A

inner 2/3

105
Q

NS sensory of the skin lining the ext. ear

A

auriculotemporal

auricular from vagus

106
Q

the middle ear is an air-containing cavity in where

A

petrous part of temporal bone

107
Q

parts of the temporal bone

A 
mastoid
squmous
tympanic
petrous
int. auditory canal
108
Q

the middle ear contains what that transmits vibrations of the tympanic membrane to the perilymph of the int. ear

A

auditory ossicles

109
Q

the auditory ossicles transmit vibrations from

A

tympanic membrane to perilymph

110
Q

part of the middle ear that is approxiamtely parallel to the tympanic membrane

A

long axis

111
Q

the middle ear communicates with what in front and what behind

A 
eustachian tube (nasopharynx) 
mastoid antrum
112
Q

two labyrinths in the inner ear

A

bone

membranous

113
Q

the channel connecting the mastoid antrum to the middle ear

A

aditus ad antrum

114
Q

the mastoid contains what cells

A

air cells

115
Q

the largest air cell in the amstoid

A

mastoid antrum

116
Q

the part of the temporal bone that makes up the floor of the EAC

A

tympanic

117
Q

the hardest aprt of the temporal bone

A

petrous

118
Q

parts of the auricle

A

helix
antihelix
scapha
crura

119
Q

primary otalgia involves

A

the ear itself

120
Q

secondary referred otalgia involves

A

CN 1 9 7 5

121
Q

parts of the tympanic membrane

A

pars falccida

pars tensa

122
Q

things seen in the tympanic membrane

A

manubrium of malleus
umbo
cone of light
incus

123
Q

which portion of the EAM is prone to infection

A

outer 1/3

124
Q

hearing loss involving the outer and middle ear is

A

conductive hearing loss

125
Q

hearing loss involving the inner ear is

A

sensorineural

126
Q

the superior deficiency of tympanic ring

A

notch of rivinus

127
Q

what is attached in the notch of rivinus

A

pars flaccida

128
Q

conditon na small pinna

A

microtia

129
Q

condtiion na no canal

A

atresia

130
Q

condition na no pinna

A

anotia

131
Q

conditon na narrowed canal

A

stenosis

132
Q

undrained hematoma in the auricle may lead to

A

cauliflower ear

133
Q

common site where foreign shit is lodged

A

isthmus

134
Q

layers of the tympanic membrane

A

outer squamous
middle fiber
inner mucous

135
Q

roof of the middle ear

A

tegmen tympani

136
Q

the tegmen tympani is part of what bone

A

petrous

137
Q

the the floor of the middle ear separates the middle ear from

A

IJV

138
Q

the anterior wall of the middle ear seaprates the tymapnic caity from the

A

ICA

139
Q

the openings of the anterior wall of middle ear opens into where

A

lower larger - auditory tube

upper smaller - canal for tensor tympani

140
Q

the posterior wall of the middle ear contains

A

vertical facial nerve
tendon of stapedius muscle
aditus

141
Q

the only membranous wall of the middle ear

A

lateral wall

142
Q

the lateral wall of the middle ear contains

A

tympanic mambrane with the chrorda tympani

143
Q

closed by the stapes

A

oval window/fenestra vestibule

144
Q

closed by the scond tympanic membrane

A

round window/fenestra cochlea

145
Q

the medial wall or labyrinth of the middle ear contains

A

horizontal facial

146
Q

pulley which the tendon of the tensor tympani bends laterally to reach insertion on the handle of the malleus

A

processus cochleariformis

147
Q

rounded projection in the medial wall of the middle ear

A

promontory

148
Q

small hollow conical projection in the posterior wall of the middle ear

A

pyramid

149
Q

small depression at the depth of the concavity of the tympanic membrane

A

umbo

150
Q

small triangular area on the tympanic membrane bounded by the folds

A

pars flaccida

151
Q

remainder of the membrane that is tense

A

pars tensa

152
Q

bound down to inner surface of the tympanic membrane by the mucous membrane

A

handle of the malleus

153
Q

the tympanic memrbane is extremely senstive to

A

pain

154
Q

the hypotympanum corresponds to the

A

eustachiaan tube

155
Q

boneossicle with head, neck no body

A

malleus

156
Q

ossicle with body no head

A

incus

157
Q

ossicle with head, limbs and base

A

stapes

158
Q

head of the malleus articulates with the

A

incus

159
Q

the handle of the malleus is firmly attached to

A

medial surface of eardrums

160
Q

istapes head + lenticular process of incus forms

A

incudostapedial joint

161
Q

part of the stapes that closes the oval window

A

footplate

162
Q

part of the stapes that receives isnertion of the stapedius muscle

A

neck

163
Q

action of the ossicle muscles

A

dampens vibrations of

eardrums - tensor tympani
stapes - stapedius

164
Q

as the eustachian tube desceds, it passes over the upper border of what

A

superior constrictor border

165
Q

purpose of eustachian tube

A

equalizes pressure bet. tympanic cavity and nasopharynx

166
Q

NS of tensor tympan9i

A

mandibular branch trigeminal

167
Q

NS of stapedius

A

facial

168
Q

insertion of tensor tympani

A

handle of mlleus

169
Q

origin of stapedius

A

pyramid in posterior wall of middle ear

170
Q

3 pats of the inner ear

A

cochlea
vestibule
canals

171
Q

clear fluid where memrbranoius labyrinth is suspended

A

perilymph

172
Q

central part of the labyrinth

A

vestibule

173
Q

vestibule contains what

A

saccule

utricle

174
Q

semicircular canals open into

A

posterior part of vesetibule

175
Q

swelling at the end of each canala

A

ampulla

176
Q

found within the canals

A

semicircular ducts

177
Q

orientation for vertical direction

A

saccule

178
Q

orientation for horizontal direction

A

utricle

179
Q

opens into the anterior part of the vestibule

A

cochlea

180
Q

which part of cochlea is for low frequency

A

apex

181
Q

which part of cochlea is for high freuqncy

A

base

182
Q

perforated by the branches of the cochlear nerve

A

modiolus

183
Q

winds around the modiolus, projects into the anterior of the canal and partially divides it

A

spiral lamina

184
Q

membranes in the cochlea

A

reissner’s

basilar

185
Q

the only communication in apex of the cochlea between vestibuli and scala tympani

A

helicorema

186
Q

main hearing organ

A

organ of Corti

187
Q

main balance organ

A

macula

188
Q

produces the perilymph

A

stria vascularis

189
Q

which contains endolymph

A

scala media

190
Q

separates scala vestibuli from media

A

reissner’s

191
Q

separates scala tympani from media

A

basilar membrane

192
Q

electrolyte content of bony labyrinth

A

high sodium

low potassium

193
Q

electrolye content of membranous labyrinth

A

high potassium

low sodium

194
Q

only part of the ear with double innervation

A

saccule

195
Q

NS of the saccule

A

sup and inf vesdtibular nerve

196
Q

which sac of the vestibule is larger

A

utricle

197
Q

saccule and utricle are for ___ motion while the canals are for __ motion

A

linear

angular

198
Q

connects the cochlea into the saccule

A

ductus reuniens

199
Q

the organ of corti lies in the

A

basilar membrane

200
Q

the vestibulocochlear nerve is found where

A

bottom of internal acoustic meatus

201
Q

the vestibular nerve expanded to form the

A

vestibular ganglion

202
Q

the vestibular nerve supplies

A

utricle
saccule
ampulla of canals

203
Q

the cochlear nerve enters the foramina where

A

base of the mdoiolus

204
Q

immediate n of the corti

A

peripheral branches of the sensory ganglion of the cochlear nerve

MedAnatomy (7 decks)

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