Eyes

Question 1

Eye anatomy

Answer 1

• upper eyelid
• paplpebral fissure
• lateral canthus
• lower eyelid
• pupil
• iris
• sclera
• medial canthus
• caruncle
• limbus

Question 2

Three concentric coats

Answer 2

scler
choroid
retina

Question 3

Normal pressure in eye

Answer 3

10-22 mmHg

Question 4

Arcus senilis

Answer 4

-deposit of whitish substance around iris

Question 5

Crainal Nerves

Answer 5

1. Olfactory
2. Optic
3. Oculomotor
4. Trochlear
5. Trigeminal
6. Abducens
7. Facial
8. Vestibocochlear
9. Glossopharyngeal
10. Vagus
11. Accessory
12. Hypoglossal

Question 6

Subjective data for eye

Answer 6

-Health history

Question 7

Health History

Answer 7

-biographic data
-present health/HPI
-past Health
=medication
=allergies
-family history
-review of system
-functional assessments

Question 8

hyperopia

Answer 8

far sighted

Question 9

myopia

Answer 9

near sighted

Question 10

What do you do during physical assessment

Answer 10

• palpation

- inspection

Question 11

Eye exam of external structure

Answer 11

• general appearance
• eyebrows
• eyelids/lashes
• eyeball
• conjunctiva
• sclera
• lacrimal apparatus
• cornea and lens
• iris

Question 12

Snellen Test

Answer 12

• have patient stand with heels against mark 20 feet from chart
• cover right eye with index card and read lowest line that could be read with ease
• repeat with left eye covered
• repeat with neither eye covered

Question 13

Decrease in visual acuity affects which cranial nerve?

Answer 13

Cranial nerve 2 (optic nerve)

Question 14

What is it if the anterior chamber is blocked?

Answer 14

Closed angle glaucoma

Question 15

How do you present Snellen test with someone with corrective lenses?

Answer 15

Do it once with and do it once without corrective lenses.

Question 16

Normal pupil size

Answer 16

3 to 5 mm

Question 17

What is constriction of the pupil?

Answer 17

myosis

Question 18

What is dilation of the pupil?

Answer 18

mydriasis

Question 19

What drugs cause pupillary dilation

Answer 19

mydriatics

Question 20

Confrontation test

Answer 20

• stand in front of patient about 2 feet away; have patient cover right eye with index card, while nurse cavers her left eye and say “now” when patient could see the nurse hand coming in from different angles (50 degrees superiorly, 90 degrees temporally, 60 degrees nasally, and 70 degrees inferiorly)
• repeat with opposite eye covered

Question 21

Test for extraoccular muscles

Answer 21

corneal light reflex/hirschberg test

• instruct patient to stare straight ahead then the nurse will shine a penlight about 12 inches away at the midpoint between the two eyes on the bridge of the nose
• corneal light reflex should be at same time on each eye

Question 22

when testing extraoccular, some _______ nstagmus is normal

Answer 22

lateral

Question 23

exotropia

Answer 23

form of strabismus (eye misalignment) in which one or both of the eyes turn outward

Question 24

esotropia

Answer 24

form of strabismus in which one or both eyes turns inward. The condition can be constantly present, or occur intermittently, and can give the affected individual a “cross-eyed” appearance

Question 25

cover test

Answer 25

- instruct the patient to stare at the nurse's nose while the nurse covers the left eye of the patient - note the gaze of the uncovered eye followed by the covered eye - next the nurse covers the right eye of the patient with an index card - note the gaze of the uncovered eye followed by the covered eye

Question 26

Pupil test

Answer 26

-pupillary light reflex -normal pupil: PERLA -size 3-5 mm, bilaterally; symmetrical -shape round, bilaterally; symmetrical Procedure: -darkened the room and measure pupil size bilateral -move penlight in outer to inner canthus of left eye, observe the direct light reflex of the left pupiland the consensual light reflex of the right pupil -repeat for the other side -darken the room when doing this test

Question 27

anisocoria

Answer 27

-uneven dilation of the pupils

Question 28

PERLA

Answer 28

pupils equally round, reactive to light and accomodation

Question 29

Accomodation test

Answer 29

-instruct patient to look at the wall behind the nurse then shift the gaze to a pen that the nurse placed about 3 inches in front of a patient nose (pupils constrict when looking at the pen)

Question 30

Red reflex

Answer 30

- bring a patient into a dark room and have him/her sit down and look straight ahead - the nurse will put the olphthalmascope to nurse's left eye with left hand ti inspect the patient's left eye

Question 31

How to change the color of the olphthalmoscope

Answer 31

counterclockwise for green and clockwise for red - green light helps us see veins/arteries - green color is responsible for near nearsightedness - red color is responsible for farsightedness