Eye movement control Flashcards
Are fixations longer in oral reading or silent reading?
Oral reading.
What happens to fixations, saccades and regressions as text gets more difficult?
Fixations get longer, saccades shorter, regressions increase
What percentage of the time are content words fixated on according to Rayner?
85%
Why are function words fixated on for less time? Rayner, 2009
Function words tend to be shorter
What is the relationship between the probability of fixating on a word and the word length?
Positive correlation
What happens as word length decreases?
Probability decreases, skipping increases
What are two benefits of eye movement data?
Good temporal and spatial resolution, good global measurement
What is one drawback of eye movement data?
Does not include other variables such as skipping and refixating on words.
Who conducted research on preferred viewing position?
Stevens and Grainger, 2003
O’Regan, 1981
Rayner, 1979
What is the preferred viewing position when reading English and other alphabetical languages?
Left of centre.
What are S&R (2009) and O’Regan (1981) lexical reasons for this?
The first part of the word usually provides the most information to the reader.
What are S&R (2009)’s non-lexical reasons for this?
The rapid drop in visual acuity with increasing distance from the fovea
How does O’Regan (1981) explain the incidence of the PVP?
Could be a strategy that increases reading efficiency: by landing as often as possible at the position of the word that provides maximum optimal processing
What is the inverted OVP effect (Rayner, 2009)?
When a reader makes one fixation on a word, the fixation is longer at the centre than at the end of the word.
What are the main reasons for the inverted OVP effect? (Rayner, 2009)
Mislocated fixations.
