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eye > eye inflammatory disorders > Flashcards

eye inflammatory disorders Flashcards

1
Q

inflammation of any component of the uveal tract
iris (anterior) –> most cases
ciliary body (intermediate)
choroid (posterior)

A

uveitis

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2
Q

uveitis is also called

A

iritis

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3
Q

most uveitis is

A

anterior

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4
Q

uveitis caused by

A

trauma, inflammation, or infection

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5
Q

how do patients present with uveitis

A

vision changes

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6
Q

if uveitis is anterior patients present with

A

eye pain, redness, tearing, and photophobia

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7
Q

iritis –> inflammation is limited to iris

iridocyclitis –> inflammation is of iris and ciliary body

A

anterior uveitis

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7
Q

choroiditis
chorioretenitis

A

posterior uveitis

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8
Q

what should you do with all patients with uveitis

A

referred to ophthalmologist

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9
Q

how many % of cases of uveitis is anterior

A

73%

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9
Q

MC age for uveitis

A

25-64

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10
Q

in children, what is the most common associated systemic disease with uveitis

A

juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

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11
Q

common cause of iritis

A

trauma

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12
Q

less common infections of iritis

A

herpes
syphilis
TB

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13
Q

unilateral eye pain, redness, tearing, photophobia, decreased vision

360-degree perilimbal injection, most

history of eye trauma, an associated systemic disease, or risk factors for infection

A

anterior acute uveitis

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14
Q

severe anterior uveitis may cause a ___________ from layering of leukocytes and fibrous debris in the anterior chamber

A

hypopyon

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15
Q

presents with altered vision or floaters

often there is no pain, redness, tearing, or photophobia

A

intermediate and posterior uveitis diagnosis

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16
Q

panuveitis

gradual and usually a bilateral onset

few vision complaints unless cataracts or glaucoma develop

A

sarcoid uveitis diagnosis

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17
Q

anterior uveitis is unilateral and sarcoid uveitis is typically bilateral

A

typical distribution diagnosis

18
Q

what to do in uveitis if cause not readily apparent

A

lab testing
CBC, BMP, UA, ESR

19
Q

what to consider for patients with recurrent anterior uveitis

A

HLA-B27

20
Q

what to do for syphilis uveitis

A

serology

21
Q

uveitis treatment

A

refer patients for any red eye along with loss of vision to an ophthalmologist

22
Q

dilated fundoscopy for other ocular trauma

measurement of intraocular pressure

treatment– steroid and/or cycloplegics for comfort

A

traumatic uveitis

23
Q

slit lamp exam and lab tests to assist with diagnosis of underlying cause

treatment- based on underlying cause but usually topical steroid drops with or without cycloplegia

A

non traumatic uveitis

24
Q

inflammations of the the deeper layers of the eye, the vascular episclera, and the avascular episclera

A

episcleritis and scleritis

25
Q

segmental eye redness
discomfort but not severe pain
no vision loss

A

episcleritis

26
Q

may have overlying episcleritis
violaceous hue to sclera*
painful
may cause vision loss

A

scleritis (EMERGENCY)

27
Q

scleritis and episcleritis more common in

A

women

28
Q

scleritis median age at diagnosis

A

56

29
Q

episcleritis median age at diagnosis

A

45

30
Q

scleritis and episcleritis often associated with

A

systemic illness

connective tissue or vasculitic disease

31
Q

scleritis often occurs with

A

episcleritis

32
Q

episcleritis does not involve the _______ and does not progress to ________

A

sclera; scleritis

33
Q

causes of scleritis

A

systemic autoimmune diseases (RA, wegener granulomatosis)

infections (pseudomonas, TB, syphillis, herpes zoster)

idiopathic

33
Q

causes of episcleritis

A

idiopathic

33
Q

does episcleritis disrupt vascular architecture and cause vision loss

A

no, scleritis does

34
Q

segmental or diffuse inflammation of sclera (violaceous, purple, blue) with overlaying episcleral and conjunctival inflammation

severe, boring eye pain often radiating to head and neck that worsens with eye movement

20% of patients may not have pain

photophobia and vision loss

A

scleritis

35
Q

why must scleritis be differentiated from episcleritis

A

scleritis requires treatment and an evaluation for underlying medical conditions

36
Q

segmental or diffuse inflammation of episclera (pink color) and overlying conjunctival vessel injection

mild if any discomfort but can be tender to palpation

no vision disturbance

A

episcleritis

37
Q

what blanches inflamed episcleral and conjunctival vessels, but not scleral vessels

A

10% phenylephrine

38
Q

when to do labs and imaging for scleritis

A

if associated systemic disease has not been previously diagnosed

39
Q

imaging for scleritis

A

chest x ray, sinus CT, SI joint x ray

39
Q

labs for scleritis

A

CBC, metabolic panel, UA, ANCA

40
Q

what imaging for posterior scleritis

A

ophthalmic ultrasound or orbital CT

41
Q

scleritis management

A

refer to opthalmologist immediately!

initial: systemic NSAIDS and/or topical steroids

if no response to above: systemic steroids, subconjunctival steroids, or immune modulators

42
Q

episcleritis management

A

often resolves spontaneously

eye redness and irritation improve by 50% in less than 1 week

redness and discomfort may improve with topical NSAIDS or artificial tears

eye (9 decks)

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