EYE INFECTION Flashcards
Which eye infections are we concerned with?
- Blepharitis
- Conjunctivitis
- Keratitis
- Endophthalmitis
Which pathogen is bacterial conjunctivitis often caused by?
Staphylococci
Which pathogen is blepharitis often caused by?
Staphylococci
Which types of pathogens cause keratitis and
endophthalmitis?
- May be bacterial, viral or fungal
How do you treat bacterial blepharitis?
- Administration of eye ointment to the conjunctival sac or to the lid margins
- May need to culture from lid margins
- Tetracyclines may be given for 3 months
E.g. Chloramphenicol ointment
How do you treat bacterial conjunctivitis?
- They are usually self-limiting
- You can use chloramphenicol eye drops and ointment
How do you administer chloramphenicol eye drops?
- Every 2 hours for the first 48 hours
- Then reduce to FOUR times a day
- If OTC, then the maximum duration is 5 days and the minimum age is 2 years old
How do you administer chloramphenicol eye ointment?
- Apply 3 or 4 times a day
List the BROAD
spectrum antibiotics that can be found in eye drops.
- Chloramphenicol
- Quinolones
- Ciprofloxacin
- Levofloxacin
- Moxifloxacin
- Ofloxacin - Aminoglycosides
- Gentamicin
- Tobramycin
What are azithromycin eye drops used for?
Trachomatous conjunctivitis caused by chlamydia trachomatis
What sort of spectrum does fusidic acid have and what do they work against?
- Narrow spectrum
- Against staphylococci infections
Some antibacterial eye drops have corticosteroids in them, however, when should they NOT be used?
- If someone has an undiagnosed red-eye
- As they can aggravate the herpes simplex virus
How do you treat herpes simplex virus of the eye?
- Aciclovir eye drops
- Ganciclovir eye drops
How do you treat ophthalmic zoster?
- Aciclovir eye ointment
AND - Systemic aciclovir
