Eye exam

Question 1

What are the 5 parts of the eye exam?

Answer 1

1. Distant
2. Neruo-opthalmic
3. Diagnostic testing
4. Pupillary Dilation
5. Orbital, occular, intraocular assessment

Question 2

The Neuro-ophthalmic exam tests which cranial nerves?

Answer 2

CN: II-VIII

Question 3

The Menance response tests:

Answer 3

CN II & VII

Question 4

The Dazzle reflex tests:

Answer 4

CN II & VII

Question 5

PLRs tests:

Answer 5

CN II & III, retina, iris sphincter, mid-brain

Question 6

Palpebral blink reflex tests:

Answer 6

CN V & VII, orbicularis oculi

Question 7

Vestibulo-occular reflex tests:

Answer 7

CN III, IV, VI, VIII, extraocular mm.

Question 8

What is the order of the 3 routine diagnostic tests done during an opthalmic exam?

Answer 8

1. Schirmer teat test
2. Fluorescein stain
3. Tonometry

Question 9

What the normal STT results?

Answer 9

Dogs > 15 mm/mm

Cats > 5 mm/min

Question 10

What light source is used to detect corneal ulcers with Fluorescein stain?

Answer 10

Cobalt light

Question 11

What is the normal IOP of cats and dogs?

Answer 11

10-25 mmHg

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Question 12

What are some causes of low IOP?

Answer 12

Uveitis

Dec. aqueous production d/t inflammation

Question 13

What are some causes of high IOP?

Answer 13

Restraint
Glaucoma
Jugular occlusion
Pushing on globe

Question 14

When is tonometry contraindicated?

Answer 14

Corneal ulcers

Question 15

Which of the 3 tonometers(indention-Schiotz, applanation-Tonopen/Accupen, rebound-Tonovet) does NOT require local anesthetics?

Answer 15

Rebound-TonoVet

Question 16

What is the DOC for mydriasis during an opthalmic exam?

Answer 16

0.5-1% Tropicamide

Question 17

When is mydriasis with contraindicated?

Answer 17

Glaucoma
Some lens luxations

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Question 18

What is Atropine best for the use of?

Answer 18

Treating miosis due to ciliary spasm

Question 19

What setting on the transilluminator is preferred for looking at the Anterior Chamber?

Answer 19

Slit Lamp

Question 20

Blood in the anterior chamber=

Answer 20

Hyphema

Question 21

Pus in the anterior chamber=

Answer 21

Hypopyon

Question 22

What are the 2 main causes of pigmentation in the Anterior chamber?

Answer 22

Melanoma

Benign uveal cysts

Question 23

What are the 3 methods used to examine the posterior segment(vitreous & fundus)?

Answer 23

2 indirect & 1 direct

Question 24

What are the 2 indirect methods used to examine the posterior segment?

Answer 24

Binocular lenses: Inverted image, stereopsis

Focal light & lens: NO stereopsis

Question 25

What are the differences between indirect & direct methods of examining the posterior segment?

Answer 25

Indirect

• inverted,reversed image
• larger field of view
• can see periphery
• distant from patient

Direct

• upright image
• smaller field of view
• CAN’T see periphery
• closer to patient

Question 26

Where is the tapetum lucidum located in the normal dog?

Answer 26

Ventral fundus

Question 27

What flower can cause retinal detachment & chorioretinitis?

Answer 27

Morning glory

Question 28

Ocular trauma may predispose cats to the development of______.

Answer 28

Sarcomas

Question 29

What may corneal disease/trauma cause in cats?

Answer 29

Corneal sequestrum

Question 30

What drug class do cats have a hypersensitivity to that can cause blepharospasm & hyperemia?

Answer 30

Topical tetracylines

Question 31

What occular antibiotic ointment can cause an anaphylactic reaction in cats?

Answer 31

BNP(Bacitracin-Neomycin-Polymyxin)

can cause: hypersalivation, vomiting, dyspnea, CV collapse

Question 32

How fast does Tropicamide work and what is its DOA?

Answer 32

Dilates within 15-30 min; can repeat if not dilated in 10 mins

DOA=6-8 hr

May cause hypersalivation in cats