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RUSVM SAM II > Diseases of the Eyelid and 3rd Eyelid > Flashcards

Diseases of the Eyelid and 3rd Eyelid Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 layers of the eyelid?

A 
Skin
Muscle
Tarsal plate
Glands
Conjunctiva
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2
Q

What are the 2 types of glands of the eyelid?

A

Cutaneous

Marginal

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3
Q

What are the 2 types of cutaneous glands of the eyelid?

A

Gland of zeis=sebaceous gland

Glands of Moll=modified sweat glands

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4
Q

What is the name & purpose of the marginal gland of the eyelid?

A

Meibomian/tarsal gland

-Adds lipid layer of tear film

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5
Q

What are the 3 sections of the conjunctiva and where are they located?

A

Palpebral-inside of eyelid

Bulbar-over sclera

Fornix- above where the other 2 types meet

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6
Q

What are types of cells are found on the conjunctiva that assist with lubrication?

A

Mucin producing goblet cells

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7
Q

Although there may be an eyelid disorder, dogs often present to you because of ______ & _____ signs.

A

Corneal & Conjunctival signs

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8
Q

What do dermoids, ankyloblepharons, and eyelid agenesis, all have in common?

A

They are all Congential eyelid disorders

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9
Q

Haired skin on surface of the eye=

A

Dermoid

-usually Lateral canthus

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10
Q

Fused eyelids=

A

ankyloblepharon

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11
Q

Infection of conjunctiva & cornea while eyelids are still fused=

A

Neonatal ophthalmia

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12
Q

What are is the main cause of Neonatal Opthalmia in Kittens? Puppies?

A

Kittens: Herpes!, Bacteria

Pups: Bacteria

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13
Q

What sequela of neonatal ophthalmia means the adhesion of conjunctiva to itself or the cornea?

A

Symblepharon

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14
Q

Is eyelid agenesis more common in Cats or Dogs?

A

Cats

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15
Q

Eyelid agenesis is often in which direction?

A

Dorsolateral

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16
Q

Which of the 3 congenital eyelid conditions are painful?

A

Eyelid agenesis

c/s= exposure keratitis & pain

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17
Q

Inward rolling of lids=

A

Entropion

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18
Q

Which type of Entropion is more common in dogs? cats?

A

Inherited-dogs

Acquired-cats

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19
Q

What are the different types of inherited entropion & what breeds are they seen in?

A

Medial-brachycephalics

Dorsolateral/Ventrolateral- giant breeds

Circumferential- Shar peis & chow chow

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20
Q

What can lead to spastic acquired entropion?

A

Chronic blepharospasm

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21
Q

What can lead to non-spastic acquired entropion?

A

Trauma or surgery

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22
Q

What 2 factors do the choice of entropion tx depend on?

A

Cause & Age

Spastic: Temporary tack mattress suture, +/- Hotz-celsus surgery

Congential/inherited
-Young: Temporary tack if

23
Q

Eversion of the lower lid=

A

Ectropion

Dogs=common, cats=rare

24
Q

What surgery can be used to treat Ectropion?

A

Full thickness V plasty-shortens lid

25
Q

What should you recommend for an Ectropion case with concurrent entropion?

A

Ophthalmology referal!!

26
Q

Lagophthalmos=

A

Can’t close eyes completely; sleep with eyes open

27
Q

Euryblepharon=

A

Large palpebral fissue

28
Q

I say

“Central pigmentary keratitis” you say:

A

Medial canthus syndrome in brachycephalics

-ie. nasal fold hair rubs on cornea

29
Q

What are the 4 factors of Medial canthus syndrome in brachycephalics?

A

Euryblepharon
Lagophthalmos
Trichiasis/Distichiasis
Entropion

30
Q

Medial canthus syndrome in brachycephalics tx=

A

Medial Canthoplasty(“eyelid tuck”)

31
Q

What the difference between trichiasis & distichiasis?

A

Trichiasis=NORMAL hair touching cornea

Distichiasis= ABNORMAL hair touching cornea

32
Q

What is difference between distichiasis & ectopic cilia?

A

Distichiasis=-Aberrant cilia from MEIBOMIAN gland openings

Ectopic cilia= Aberrant cilia from TARSAL gland grows through palpebral conjunctiva

33
Q

What causes acute blepharospasm & a dorsal ellipitcal ulcer?

A

Ectopic cilia

-Dorsal elliptical ulcer= non-healing or recurrent corneal ulcer

34
Q

T/F: If an eyelash is causing the dog issues, it’s best to just pluck it out.

A

FALSE!

Do NOT pluck lashes

35
Q

What surgery technique can be used to treat districhiasis?

A

Electroeplilation

36
Q

Blepharitis is characterized by:

A

Redness, discharge, Pruritis!

37
Q

What should be given to a patient with blepharitis & and negative fluorescein stain?

A

Anti-inflammatories

38
Q

A dog comes in for a pea-like swelling on the inside of the upper eyelid. Although it does not appear painful, the owner is concerned since it sometimes leaks yellow-white caseous material. What is your top ddx and how would you treat this?

A

Chalazion(Meibomian cyst)

Lance it or Cryoepilation

39
Q

What are the differences between a Chalazion and a Hordeolum/Stye?

A

Chalazion

  • Meibomian CYST
  • NON painful
  • CASEOUS d/c
  • Come to head on INSIDE of lid
  • SURGERY is the treatment(if it’s enlarged & causing discomfort)

Hordeolum/Stye

  • Meibomian or Skin gland(Moll, Zeis) INFECTION
  • PAINFUL
  • PURULENT d/c
  • Comes to head on OUTSIDE of lid
  • RARELY needs surgery: treated w/ local warm packs, topical anti-inflammatories & antibiotics
40
Q

What are the main bacterial causes of Hordeolums/styes?

A

Staph or strep

41
Q

When treated an eyelid laceration that affects the margin, what is your main concern?

A

Must appose the eyelid margins PERFECTLY in alignment for proper eyelid function and tear film distribution

-If not perfect–>exposure keratits & trichiasis

42
Q

What can be used on the corneal surface when cleaning an eyelid laceration?

A

Betadine-VERY VERY DILUTE(1:50)

43
Q

What common eyelid tumor can cause conjunctivitis or keratitis if touching the cornea?

A

Meibomian gland adenoma

44
Q

What is a uncommon eyelid tumor of young dogs?

A

Viral Papilloma

45
Q

T/F: Eyelid tumors tend to be benign in dogs and malignant in cats.

A

True

46
Q

What is the most common eyelid tumor found in cats?

A

SCC

47
Q

What eyelid tumor is seen more in Persians & Himalayans?

A

Apocrine hidrocystoma

48
Q

Removal of the gland of Nictitans may cause ______.

A

KCS

49
Q

This disease of the 3rd eyelid, mostly found in retrievers & giant breed dogs

A

Scrolled cartilage of the 3rd eyelid

50
Q

Acute appearance of the a red mass at the medial canthus=

A

Cherry eye-prolapsed nictitans GLAND

51
Q

T/F: If a dog comes in with “Cherry eye”, a prolapsed nictitans gland, you should remove the gland.

A

FALSE!
DON’T remove the gland- predisposes to KCS

Replace the gland instead
Be sure to check the other gland!!

52
Q

What systemic disease of cats can lead to protrusion of the 3rd eyelid?

A

Haws

53
Q

Since they tend to look similar, how can you the difference between “Cherry eye” and TEL neoplasia?

A

Cherry eye

  • Common
  • Younger pets(
54
Q

What is the ONLY indications for removing the nictitans gland?

A

TEL neoplasia

remove entire TEL, including the gland

RUSVM SAM II (4 decks)

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