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Pharm 2 > Eye and Ear Drugs > Flashcards

Eye and Ear Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Miosis means?

A

constriction

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2
Q

Mydraisis

A

dilation

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3
Q

Entropion?

A

inward rolling eye

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4
Q

Ectropion?

A

outward rolling eye

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5
Q

Distichiasis?

A

eyelashes that arise from an abnormal location, often from meibomian glands on the underside of the eyelid.

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6
Q

Exophthalmus?

A

abnormal protrusions of the eyeball(s)

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7
Q

Glaucoma is defined as?

A

an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP)

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8
Q

Primary glaucoma?

A

results in increased intra-ocular pressure in a healthy eye due to inherited anatomical abnormality with the drainage angle (breed predisposition).

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9
Q

Secondary glaucoma

A

results in increased intra ocular pressure due to a disease or injury to the eye.

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10
Q

Treating glaucoma is important if?

A

primary or secondary glaucoma

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11
Q

Prostaglandin analog causes?

A

vasodilation within the eye by acting on iris and ciliary body musculature.

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12
Q

what cannot penetrate corneal surface?

A

Aminoglycosides

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13
Q

what is used with conjunctivitis or superficial ulcers?

A

Aminoglycosides

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14
Q

Vulnerable to infection?

A

bacterial conjunctivitis

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15
Q

Eye surface dry and irritated?

A

keratitis, pigmentation

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16
Q

what is used to clear infection and prevent against further infection?

A

Antibiotic drops

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17
Q

what stops autoimmune attack on tear glands?

A

immuno-modulator

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18
Q

what supplement tear production?

A

ophthalmic lubricant

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19
Q

many anti microbial preparations are a combination of?

A

antibiotic, anti-fungal, and a steroidal anti-inflammatory.

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20
Q

Xalatan is the generic form for?

A

Latanoprost

21
Q

Trusopt is the generic form of?

A

Dorzolamide

22
Q

Azopt is the generic name for?

A

Brinzolamide

23
Q

T or F. When using atropine sulfate you should keep light levels low until pupils are normal.

A

True

24
Q

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is diagnosed using what basic test?

A

Schirmer tear test

25
Q

uveitis and glaucoma are diagnosed using which eye test?

A

Pressure test
Tonometry

26
Q

what is the name of the stain that we use to investigate for corneal defects such as ulcers?

A

fluorescein

27
Q

what class of ophthalmic drugs is used to quickly and effectively treat surface or intraocular inflammation?

A

Steroids

28
Q

what class of ophthalmic drugs is used to maintain comfort long term, in patients with chronic inflammatory ocular conditions?

A

NSAID drops (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drops)

29
Q

Travaprost drug class is?

A

prostaglandin analog

30
Q

Brinzolamide (Azopt) drug class?

A

CAI

31
Q

Tacrolimus drug class?

A

immuno-modulator drug

32
Q

famciclovir drug class?

A

antiviral

33
Q

Otic medications commonly contain drugs from 3 different drug classes. What are these 3 drug classes?

A

Antibiotic, Antifungal and steroidal anti inflammatory

34
Q

what is the name of the ear solution used to clean ears 10-15 mins prior to instilling medicating drops that is an antibiotic potentiating agent?

A

Tris-EDTA

35
Q

when ear drum is ruptured but topical meds are needed what 2 ear meds are safe?

A

Baytril (Enrofloxacin) and Burrows (Aluminum acetate)

36
Q

what is the use/effect of Atopicia?

A

Selective immunosuppressant, used to manage pruritus associated with allergies.

37
Q

what is the use/effect of apoquel?

A

inflammatory enzyme inhibitor is meant to stop itchy associated with allergies (food or environment)

38
Q

what is the use/effect of cytopoint?

A

immunological, most commonly used to manage itchy dogs with environmental allergies only.

39
Q

what is the method and frequency of administration of atopica?

A

given by mouth once daily for 6-8weeks then attempted reduction in frequency can be done.

40
Q

what is the method and frequency of administration of apoquel?

A

BIDx2 weeks max then, SID

41
Q

what is the method and frequency of administration of cytopoint?

A

SQ injection - first 2 injections given 1 month apart, then frequency thereafter is dependent on animals response.

42
Q

is atopica labeled for use in animals under 1 year? or cats?

A

not licensed for use in pets under 1 yr. licensed in dog and cat

43
Q

is apoquel labeled for use in animals under 1 year? or cats?

A

labeled for use in dogs only, over 1yr of age

44
Q

is cytopoint labeled for use in animals under 1 year? or cats?

A

labeled for use in dogs only, can be administered to dogs under 1 yr of age.

45
Q

Time to effect of atopica?

A

6-8hrs to reach steady state/be fully effective in the patient.

46
Q

Time to effect of apoquel?

A

1-2hrs of administration

47
Q

Time to effect of cytopoint?

A

Fast (same day)

48
Q

atopica can cause stomach upset why? what can you do to capsule to lessen side effects?

A

Caps have castor oil coating.

Freezing cap helps

Pharm 2 (2 decks)

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