Eye and Ear Drugs

Question 1

Miosis means?

Answer 1

constriction

Question 2

Mydraisis

Answer 2

dilation

Question 3

Entropion?

Answer 3

inward rolling eye

Question 4

Ectropion?

Answer 4

outward rolling eye

Question 5

Distichiasis?

Answer 5

eyelashes that arise from an abnormal location, often from meibomian glands on the underside of the eyelid.

Question 6

Exophthalmus?

Answer 6

abnormal protrusions of the eyeball(s)

Question 7

Glaucoma is defined as?

Answer 7

an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP)

Question 8

Primary glaucoma?

Answer 8

results in increased intra-ocular pressure in a healthy eye due to inherited anatomical abnormality with the drainage angle (breed predisposition).

Question 9

Secondary glaucoma

Answer 9

results in increased intra ocular pressure due to a disease or injury to the eye.

Question 10

Treating glaucoma is important if?

Answer 10

primary or secondary glaucoma

Question 11

Prostaglandin analog causes?

Answer 11

vasodilation within the eye by acting on iris and ciliary body musculature.

Question 12

what cannot penetrate corneal surface?

Answer 12

Aminoglycosides

Question 13

what is used with conjunctivitis or superficial ulcers?

Answer 13

Aminoglycosides

Question 14

Vulnerable to infection?

Answer 14

bacterial conjunctivitis

Question 15

Eye surface dry and irritated?

Answer 15

keratitis, pigmentation

Question 16

what is used to clear infection and prevent against further infection?

Answer 16

Antibiotic drops

Question 17

what stops autoimmune attack on tear glands?

Answer 17

immuno-modulator

Question 18

what supplement tear production?

Answer 18

ophthalmic lubricant

Question 19

many anti microbial preparations are a combination of?

Answer 19

antibiotic, anti-fungal, and a steroidal anti-inflammatory.

Question 20

Xalatan is the generic form for?

Answer 20

Latanoprost

Question 21

Trusopt is the generic form of?

Answer 21

Dorzolamide

Question 22

Azopt is the generic name for?

Answer 22

Brinzolamide

Question 23

T or F. When using atropine sulfate you should keep light levels low until pupils are normal.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is diagnosed using what basic test?

Answer 24

Schirmer tear test

Question 25

uveitis and glaucoma are diagnosed using which eye test?

Answer 25

Pressure test Tonometry

Question 26

what is the name of the stain that we use to investigate for corneal defects such as ulcers?

Answer 26

fluorescein

Question 27

what class of ophthalmic drugs is used to quickly and effectively treat surface or intraocular inflammation?

Answer 27

Steroids

Question 28

what class of ophthalmic drugs is used to maintain comfort long term, in patients with chronic inflammatory ocular conditions?

Answer 28

NSAID drops (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drops)

Question 29

Travaprost drug class is?

Answer 29

prostaglandin analog

Question 30

Brinzolamide (Azopt) drug class?

Answer 30

CAI

Question 31

Tacrolimus drug class?

Answer 31

immuno-modulator drug

Question 32

famciclovir drug class?

Answer 32

antiviral

Question 33

Otic medications commonly contain drugs from 3 different drug classes. What are these 3 drug classes?

Answer 33

Antibiotic, Antifungal and steroidal anti inflammatory

Question 34

what is the name of the ear solution used to clean ears 10-15 mins prior to instilling medicating drops that is an antibiotic potentiating agent?

Answer 34

Tris-EDTA

Question 35

when ear drum is ruptured but topical meds are needed what 2 ear meds are safe?

Answer 35

Baytril (Enrofloxacin) and Burrows (Aluminum acetate)

Question 36

what is the use/effect of Atopicia?

Answer 36

Selective immunosuppressant, used to manage pruritus associated with allergies.

Question 37

what is the use/effect of apoquel?

Answer 37

inflammatory enzyme inhibitor is meant to stop itchy associated with allergies (food or environment)

Question 38

what is the use/effect of cytopoint?

Answer 38

immunological, most commonly used to manage itchy dogs with environmental allergies only.

Question 39

what is the method and frequency of administration of atopica?

Answer 39

given by mouth once daily for 6-8weeks then attempted reduction in frequency can be done.

Question 40

what is the method and frequency of administration of apoquel?

Answer 40

BIDx2 weeks max then, SID

Question 41

what is the method and frequency of administration of cytopoint?

Answer 41

SQ injection - first 2 injections given 1 month apart, then frequency thereafter is dependent on animals response.

Question 42

is atopica labeled for use in animals under 1 year? or cats?

Answer 42

not licensed for use in pets under 1 yr. licensed in dog and cat

Question 43

is apoquel labeled for use in animals under 1 year? or cats?

Answer 43

labeled for use in dogs only, over 1yr of age

Question 44

is cytopoint labeled for use in animals under 1 year? or cats?

Answer 44

labeled for use in dogs only, can be administered to dogs under 1 yr of age.

Question 45

Time to effect of atopica?

Answer 45

6-8hrs to reach steady state/be fully effective in the patient.

Question 46

Time to effect of apoquel?

Answer 46

1-2hrs of administration

Question 47

Time to effect of cytopoint?

Answer 47

Fast (same day)

Question 48

atopica can cause stomach upset why? what can you do to capsule to lessen side effects?

Answer 48

Caps have castor oil coating. Freezing cap helps