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Anatomy Exam 4 > Eye and Ear > Flashcards

Eye and Ear Flashcards

1
Q

The lateral meeting of the superior and inferior eyelids is the

A

lateral angle of eye

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2
Q

The medial meeting of the superior and inferior eyelids is the

A

medial angle of eye

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3
Q

The ____ and ____ are within the medial angle of eye to collect tears

A

lacrimal caruncle and lacrimal lake

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4
Q

Tears drain from the caruncle and lake into the ____

A

lacrimal punctum

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5
Q

The vestigeal part of a third eyelid is the

A

semilunar fold

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6
Q

The meeting of the cornea and sclera is the

A

corneoscleral junction

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7
Q

The white of the eye is the

A

sclera

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8
Q

The clear covering of the eye is the

A

cornea

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9
Q

The mucous membrane around the eye is the

A

conjunctiva

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10
Q

The ____ covers the internal surface of eyelids

A

palpebral conjunctiva

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11
Q

The ___ covers anterior sclera of eye

A

bulbar conjunctiva

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12
Q

The palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva are continuous at the ____

A

superior and inferior conjunctival fornices

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13
Q

Tears are produced in the _____

A

lacrimal gland

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14
Q

Tears exit the lacrimal gland via several ____

A

lacrimal ducts

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15
Q

Tears pass over the surface of the eye and enter the ___

A

lacrimal puncta

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16
Q

From the lacrimal puncta tears drain into the _____ and ____

A

lacrimal canaliculi and lacrimal sac

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17
Q

From the lacrimal sac, tears enter the nasal cavity via the

A

nasolacrimal duct

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18
Q

The dense band of connective tissue which forms the eyelid is the ____

A

tarsus

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19
Q

The ____ secrete lipids to lubricate edges of eyelids and prevent lacrimal fluid from spilling over eyelids

A

tarsal glands

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20
Q

The ____ connects superior and inferior tarsi to medial margin of orbit

A

medial palpebral ligament

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21
Q

The ____ connects superior and inferior tarsi to lateral margin of orbit

A

lateral palpebral ligament

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22
Q

The sclera and cornea make up the ___ layer of the eye

A

fibrous

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23
Q

The choroid, ciliary body, and iris make up the ____ layer of the eye

A

vascular

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24
Q

The retina makes up the ___ layer of the eye

A

inner

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25
The ____ is the area where the visual part of the retina ends
ora serrata
26
Light enters the eye through the cornea and enters the ____, which contains aqueous humor
anterior chamber of anterior segment
27
From the anterior segment light hits the
pupil
28
From the pupil, light then enters the
posterior chamber of anterior segment
29
From the posterior chamber of anterior segment, light hits the
lens
30
After light has hit the lens, it goes through the ___, which has vitreous humor
posterior segment
31
After light leaves the posterior segment it either hits the ___ or the ____
retina OR choroid
32
The space from the cornea to the iris is the
anterior chamber of anterior segment
33
The space from the iris to the ciliary body is the
posterior chamber of anterior segment
34
The space from the ciliary body to the back of the eye is the
posterior segment
35
Aqueous humor is made by the ____ from filtering blood plasma
ciliary body
36
Loss of pressure in the eye results in a
detached retina
37
Increased pressure in the eye from too much production or inefficient draining of aqueous humor results in
glaucoma
38
Glaucoma can then lead to
cataracts
39
The blood supply to the retina is located in the ____
choroid
40
Suspensory ligaments/zonular fibers attach from the ____ to the ____
ciliary body to the lens
41
When the ciliary body contracts or relaxes, the ___ changes shape
lens
42
When the ciliary muscle is relaxed, the diameter is ___, the zonular fibers are ___, and the lens is stretched to an ___ shape
enlarged; stretched; oval
43
When the ciliary muscle is relaxed, it decreases refraction of light allowing you to see ___
further away
44
When the ciliary muscle is contracted, the diameter is ___, zonular fibers are ___, and the lens is ___
small; relaxed; round
45
When the ciliary muscle is contracted, it increases refraction of light allowing you to see
close up
46
Light coming in the retina passes from cornea to lens to ___ to ___ to ___ and finally to ___
ganglion cell layer to bipolar cell layer to photoreceptor layer to pigmented epithelium
47
The direction of action potential propagation goes from ___ to ___ to ____
photoreceptor layer to bipolar cell layer to ganglion cell layer to the brain
48
A bright environment and colors are absorbed by
cones
49
A dark environment is absorbed by
rods
50
Detailed vision is enabled by absorption of excess light in the
choroid
51
The ____ is where axons of ganglion neurons exit the eye to become optic nerve
optic disc
52
The optic disc contains the ___, where there are no photoreceptors
blind spot
53
The ___ is the area where there is a higher density of photoreceptors than the rest of the retina
macula
54
The depression in the retinal surface within the macula, the, ____ is an area of greater visual acuity
fovea centralis
55
There is a decrease in the bipolar and ganglion cells and a much higher density of photoreceptors (cones) in the
fovea centralis
56
Binocular overlap allows for
depth perception
57
The right visual field is perceived by the ___ retina of the ___ eye and the ___ retina of the ___ eye
nasal retina of right; temporal retina of left
58
The left visual field is perceived by the ___ retina of the __ eye and the ___ retina of the ___ eye
nasal retina of left; temporal retina of right
59
The right visual field is perceived by the ___ side of the brain; the left visual field is perceived by the ___ side of the brain
left; right
60
The movements of the eye on the A-P axis
lateral and medial rotation
61
The movements of the eye on the transverse axis
elevation and depression
62
The movements of the eye on the vertical axis
abduction and adduction
63
The inferior oblique and superior rectus muscles ___ the eye
elevate
64
The superior oblique and inferior rectus muscles ___ the eye
depress
65
The superior oblique and superior rectus ____ the eye
medially rotate
66
The inferior oblique and inferior rectus ___ the eye
laterally rotate
67
The lateral rectus, superior oblique, and inferior oblique ___ the eye
abduct
68
The medial rectus, superior rectus, and inferior rectus ___ the eye
adduct
69
The tympanic membrane separates the ___ ear from the ___ ear
external ear from middle ear
70
The malleus, incus, and stapes are within the ___ ear
middle
71
The stapes is a bony connection from the ___ ear to ___ ear
middle ear to inner ear
72
The vestibule (saccula and utricle), cochlea, and 3 semicircular canals are within the __ ear
inner
73
The saccule and utricle and the 3 semicircular canals function in
balance
74
The cochlea functions in
hearing
75
The ____ connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx
eustachian tube
76
The ___ and ___ are part of the external ear
auricle and external acoustic meatus
77
The ___ funnels sound waves into the external acoustic meatus
auricle
78
The ___ is a canal from external environment to tympanic membrane
external acoustic meatus
79
The ___ is vibrated by sound waves to produce hearing
tympanic membrane
80
The ___ is surrounded by the tympanic portion of temporal bone
middle ear
81
The 3 auditory ossicles:
malleus, incus, stapes
82
The stapes attaches to the ____ of the vestibule of the inner ear and vibrates it
oval window
83
The ___ functions in horizontal acceleration for balance, parallel to the base of the skull
utricle
84
The __ functions in vertical acceleration for balance, perpendicular to the base of the skull
saccule
85
The ____ provide information about rotational/angular acceleration
3 semicircular canals
86
The ___ receives special sensory information from cochlea
cochlear nerve
87
The __ receives special sensory information from the saccule, utricle, and semicircular canals
vestibular nerve

Anatomy Exam 4 (6 decks)

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