Eye Anatomy

Question 1

3 layers of the eye (from outer to inner)

Answer 1

sclera
choroid
retina

Question 2

what is the vascular layer of the eye

Answer 2

choroid

Question 3

what does the choroid layer become anteriorly

Answer 3

ciliary body and iris

Question 4

in ‘detached retina’, which layer separates?

Answer 4

neural part of retina (inner layer)

Question 5

rods and cones

Answer 5

rods - dim not colour

cones - bright and colour

Question 6

what is aumaurosis fugax

Answer 6

obstruction of end central artery of retina causing blindness

Question 7

what’s the region of the eye with greatest visual sensitivity

Answer 7

fovea of macula

Question 8

ciliaris muscle has what type of innervation

contraction allows what

Answer 8

parasympathetic

accommodation for close vision

Question 9

what needs to happen to allow for accommodation for close vision

Answer 9

the ciliaris muscle needs to contract

Question 10

iris contains what

what are their innervations

Answer 10

pupil sphincter (parasympathetic)
pupil dilator (sympathetic)

Question 11

where is aqueous humour secreted from

where is it reabsorbed from

Answer 11

ciliary body

canal of schelmm/scleral venous sinus

Question 12

what is glaucoma

Answer 12

excess pressure in the aqueous - drugs that constrict the pupil may pull open the venous sinus (which reabsorbs aqueous humour)

Question 13

what is papilloedema

Answer 13

raised intracranial pressure –> meninges and subarachnoid space around nerve –> retinal venous drainage slows via central retinal vein

Question 14

correct function of what muscle is essential to keep the cornea and conjunctiva moist?

Answer 14

the ocularis oculi (facial nerve 7)

Question 15

sty vs cyst

Answer 15

blocked sebaceous gland

blocked tarsal gland

Question 16

two types of muscle fibres in levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 16

striated and smooth muscle fibres (3 and sympathetic from carotid plexus in cavernous sinus)