Eye Anatomy Flashcards
blood supply
ophthalmic artery & branches
venous drainage
ophthalmic veins
> cavernous sinus, pterygoid plexus, facial vein
general sensory
Va = ophthalmic
special sensory
II = optic
motor
III = oculomotor IV = trochlear VI = abducens
blow out fracture >
bleed into maxillary sinus
‘trapping’ of extraocular muscles / (maxillary) cutaneous nerve damage
blow out presenation
bruising / pain etc
x looking up on affected side
numbness over cheek
what do eyelids consist of
skin subcutaneous tissue tarsal plate muscles: LPS, orbicularis oculi glands: Meibomian, sebaceous
what is produced from Meibomian glands
oily
lipid rich
> x tear film spillage / evaporation
what is the function of orbital septum / tarsal plates
x superficial infection > pre-septal / post-septal (orbital cavity)
describe the route of spread of infection from the orbit to intracranial structures
orbital veins > cavernous sinus > pterygoid venous plexus > facial veins
what structures allow drainage of the tear film
lacrimal punctum > lacrimal canaliculus > lacrimal sac > nasolacrimal duct
what can happen after obstruction to blockage of the lacrimal drainage system
epiphora
fibrous tunic =
cornea
sclera
vascular tunic =
iris
ciliary body
choroid
retina =
pigmented layer
neural layer
how is the eyeball maintained in position?
suspensory ligament
extraocular muscles
orbital fat
describe the journey from light > optic nerve
light o> RGC > AP along visual pathway > optic nerve > occipital lobe (interpretation)
causes of vision blurring
cataracts astigmatism = irregular corneal surface presbyopia = x change in lens shape shape of eye ball retinal detachment age-related macular degeneration optic neuritis
? => aqueous humour
ciliary processes (in ciliary body)
aqueous humour route
post chamber > iridocorneal angle > pupil > ant chamber > trabecular meshwork > canal of Schlemm (drainage)
glaucoma s&s
optic disc cupping
acute angle closure glaucoma s&s
halos
nausea / vom
acute pain
irregularly shaped eye (oval)
acute angle closure glaucoma treatment
pharmacological v IOP
surgical
