Eye Flashcards
What are the muscles of the eye?
Superior rectus Medial rectus Lateral rectus Inferior rectus Superior oblique Inferior oblique
What is the sclera?
White of the eye
What is the choroid?
Vascular layer of eye
What does the iris do?
Colourful part
Has aqueous matter
Assists in regulating amount of light and obtaining clear images
What does the retina do?
Receives images of external objects
What is the macula lutea responsible for?
High resolution and central vision
Yellow spot on retina
Explain nerve supply to the eye.
Optic nerve - carries visual impulses, sensation of pain, touch, etc
Occulomotor - nerve to rectus muscles except lateral
Abducens - lateral rectus muscle
Trio clear - super oblique muscle
What is the blood supply for the eye?
Internal carotid - supplies globe, muscles, eyelids
Retinal artery and vein - supplies retina
What is a chalazion on?
Chronic granulomatous inflammation of one or more of meibomian glands of tarsal plate (connective tissue) of eyelid
Blocked oil gland
What is the upward turning in of the eyelid called? How is it fixed?
Entropion
Fixed with blepharoplasty
Weis procedure for cicatricial entropion
What is weis procedure?
Placement of everything mattress suture along blepharotomy line
What is ectropion?
Sagging and e version of lower lid due to relaxed orbicular muscle and canthal tendons.
Repaired with lateral canthal sling procedure.
How is tear duct blockage relieved?
By tear duct probing
Lacrimal probe inserted into tear duct
What is a dacryocystorhinostomy?
Creation of a new tear pathway for drainage into nasal cavity. Usually needed with chronic infection of lacrimal sac and mucous membranes.
What is enucleation?
Removal of entire eyeball severing from muscles and optic nerve. Usually done for painful blind eye, tumors, and traumatic injury.
What is evisceration of the eye?
Removal of eye contents leaving sclera and muscles intact.
What is strabismus? How is it fixed?
Lack of coordination between extraocular eye muscles or brain not coordinating eyes.
Weak muscles made stronger or strong muscles made weaker.
Myectomy - method for weakening muscle for v pattern or superior oblique palsy
Tuck - method of shortening sup oblique muscle tendon
What is a pterygium excision?
Raised wedge shaped growth on conjunctiva to cornea on nasal side of eye. Associated with ultraviolet light exposure, low humidity, and dust.
What methods of removal are there for cataracts?
Intracapsular extraction : rarely done today. Removes lens.
Extracapsular extraction : anterior portion of capsule ruptured and removed. Lens cortex and nucleus expressed from eye. Leaves posterior capsule.
What is a vitrectomy?
Removal of vitreous gel, fibrotic membrane.
What is tetracaine?
Topical anesthetic used in eyes.
