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PNS Final! > EYE > Flashcards

EYE Flashcards

0
Q

Lens, Retina, Cornea, Pigmented layers are all derived from what layer of the eye

A

ectoderm

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1
Q

Fibrous coats of the eye are derived from what layer

A

mesoderm

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2
Q

What three coats compose the eye

A

Fibrous, Vascular, Nervous

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3
Q

Fibrous coat/tunic is composed of what structures

A

sclera

cornea

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4
Q

What is the name of the white part of the eye

A

sclera

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5
Q

extraocular muscles of the eye attach to which part

A

sclera

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6
Q

anteriorly, the sclera transitions to the cornea at what landmark

A

limbus

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7
Q

The anterior portion of the sclera is lined with what

A

conjunctiva

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8
Q

Posteriorly, the sclera is continuous with a fibrous sheath that covers what

A

CN II (optic nerve)

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9
Q

The clear, transparent part of the anterior eye is called

A

cornea

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10
Q

primary refractory part of the eyeball

A

cornea

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11
Q

name the 5 layers of the cornea

A 
corneal epithelium
anterior limiting layer
substantia propria
posterior limiting layer
endothelium
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12
Q

The anterior limiting membrane of the cornea is also called

A

bowmans membrane

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13
Q

name the largest layer of the cornea

A

substantia propria

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14
Q

which layer of the cornea is continuous with the conjunctiva

A

corneal epithelium

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15
Q

Which layer of the cornea is continuous with the iridocorneal layer

A

endothelium

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16
Q

Vascular tunic is composed of what parts

A

choroid, ciliary body, iris

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17
Q

Which layer of the vascular tunic has a rich blood supply

A

choroid

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18
Q

Blood vessels of the choroid are heavily supplied by what fibers

A

autonomic vasomotor fibers

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19
Q

Choroid is loosely attached to the sclera except where

A

the optic nerve penetrates it, it is firmly attached here

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20
Q

Which vascular tunic layer is highly pigmented to prevent light passage

A

choroid

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21
Q

What is continuous to the ciliary body to the posterior

A

choroid

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22
Q

What is continuous to the ciliary body to the anterior

A

iris

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23
Q

what structure suspends the lens

A

ciliary body

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24
Q

what structure produces aqueous fluid found in the anterior portion of the eye

A

ciliary body

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25
Q

What structure produces some GAGs of the vitrous body

A

ciliary body

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26
Q

ciliary body contains what muscle

A

ciliary muscle

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27
Q

ciliary muscle does what action

A

lens convexity, allows for near vision

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28
Q

colored part of the eye

A

iris

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29
Q

pigmented part of the iris

A

stroma

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30
Q

iris is divided into what two chambers

A

anterior and posterior

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31
Q

what two muscles does the iris contain

A

sphincter pupillae

dilator pupillae

32
Q

Sphincter pupillae is controlled by what fiber type

A

parasympathetic

33
Q

Dilator pupillae is controlled by what fiber types

A

sympathetics

34
Q

What is an outgrowth of the diencephalon

A

retina

35
Q

Nervous tunic contain what structure

A

retina

36
Q

Retina is continuous with what structure externally

A

choroid

37
Q

Retina is continuous with what structure internally

A

vitreous body

38
Q

photoreceptors of retina synapse with what layer

A

inner nuclear layer

39
Q

inner nuclear layer bipolar cells relay information to

A

ganglion cell layer multipolar cells

40
Q

ganglionic layer cells multipolar cells relay carry information to

A

lateral geniculate body

41
Q

axons from the lateral geniculate body form what

A

optic radiation

42
Q

lateral geniculate bodies (optic radiation) synapse in

A

Broadmann area 17

43
Q

Broadmann area 17 is found in which lobe

A

occipital lobe

44
Q

retinal structures visible on funduscopic exam

A

optic disc

macula lutea

45
Q

point where the optic nerve attaches to the eyeball

A

optic disc

46
Q

what structure appears white or yellowish in the funduscopic exam

A

optic disc

47
Q

optic disc contains NO

A

photoreceptors

48
Q

darker area in the center of the fundus

A

macula lutea

49
Q

what structure is in the middle of the macula lutea

A

fovea centralis

50
Q

area of clearest vision in eye

A

macula lutea

51
Q

macula lutea contains only which type of photoreceptors

A

cones

52
Q

4 refractory components of the eyeball

A

cornea
aqueous humor
lens
vitreous body

53
Q

aqueous humor leaves the eyeball via what structure

A

scleral venous sinus

54
Q

increased pressure within the anterior segment of the eyeball

A

glaucoma

55
Q

transparent, biconvex, avascular structure

A

lens

56
Q

lens gets harder with age

A

presbyopia

57
Q

lens becomes less and less transparent

A

cataracts

58
Q

gelatinous and transparent structure

A

vitreous body

59
Q

vestigial structure connecting the optic nerve with the posterior aspect of the lens

A

hyaloid canal

60
Q

the hyaloid canal is contained by what structure

A

fetal hyaloid artery

61
Q

located superiolaterally to the eye, secrete tears

A

lacrimal gland

62
Q

tears are drained into the eye via what structure

A

excretatory duct

63
Q

below and medial to eyeball, drains tears

A

lacrimal duct

64
Q

receives tears from lacrimal duct, located between the maxilla and the lacrimal bone

A

lacrimal sac

65
Q

most superior part of the nasolacrimal duct

A

lacrimal sac

66
Q

drains tears from the lacrimal sac to the inferior nasal meatus

A

nasolacrimal duct

67
Q

modified sebaceous glands that secrete oily substance that cover tears upon blinking

A

tarsal gland

68
Q

reduces evaporation of tears

A

tarsal gland

69
Q

all arteries to the eyeball are branches of what artery

A

opthalamic artery

70
Q

arterial supply to the eye between the sclera and the choroid

A

long posterior ciliary artery

71
Q

arterial supply to the eye enters on the posterior side forming ring around the optic nerve

A

(6-12) short ciliary arteries

72
Q

arterial supply to the eye arch over (3-4) and under (3-4)

A

(6-8) anterior ciliary arteries

73
Q

arterial supply to the eye that travels via the optic nerve to retina. ONLY nerve to supply the retina

A

central retinal artery

74
Q

sensory nerves for the eyeball

A

short ciliary nerves

75
Q

sensory nerve supply for iris, cornea, ciliary body

A

long ciliary nerves

76
Q

postganglionic sympathetic fibers of the eye pass through which plexus

A

cavernous plexus

77
Q

postganglionic sympathetic fibers pass through the cavernous plexus through which ganglion

A

ciliary ganglion

PNS Final! (3 decks)

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