eye Flashcards

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1
Q

what do cones detect`

A

colour

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2
Q

what do rod cells detect

A

colour

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3
Q

what can’t cones do?

A

work in dark environments

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4
Q

what cant rods do?

A

see in colour, they can only detect black and white.

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5
Q

what is tje fovea?

A

an area which only has cone cells, where light is focussed on to see properly.

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6
Q

what is the cornea?

A

transparent layer that refracts light.

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7
Q

does the cornea have any blood cells

A

no

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8
Q

where does the cornea get oxygen from

A

it diffuses from the air

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9
Q

what is the iris?

A

coloured part of the eye that controls how much light enters

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10
Q

what is the lens?

A

can change shape to change the way it bends light

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11
Q

what is the retina?

A

contains rod and cone (receptor) cells

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12
Q

what is the optic nerve?

A

takes all impulses generated from receptor cells and sends them to the brain

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13
Q

what is the iris reflex?

A

it controls light intensity

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14
Q

what does the iris reflex protect us from

A

retina damage from too much light.

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15
Q

what are the iris reflex actions controlled by

A

the circular and radial muscles

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16
Q

name of the shrunken pupil

A

constriction

17
Q

name of the widened pupil

A

dialated

18
Q

when are pupils constricted

A

in high light conditions

19
Q

when are pupils dialated

A

in low light conditions

20
Q

where are the circular muscles situated?

A

in the inside, stretching around the pupil

21
Q

where are the radial muscles situated

A

on the outside, stretching around the circular muscles

22
Q

what happens to the eye muscles when the pupil is constricted

A
  • circular muscles contract, tightening the pupil so its smaller,
  • radial muscles relax, stretching out so that the pupil stays small
23
Q

what happens to the eye muscles when the pupil is dialated

A
  • circular muscles relax, allowing the pupil to stretch
  • radial muscles contract, stretching the pupil to let more light in
24
Q

what is accommodation

A

changing the shape of the lens to focus on near or distant objects

25
Q

what parts of the eye control the shape of the lens

A

suspensory ligaments and ciliary muscles

26
Q

shape of lens while refracting a close object

A

short and fat so that it refracts stronger

27
Q

what do the ciliary muscles and suspensory ligaments do when a object is near

A
  • ciliary muscles contract inwards
  • suspensory ligaments relax so lens becomes short and fat
28
Q

shape of lens while refracting a far object

A

thin and stretched

29
Q

what do the ciliary muscles and suspensory ligaments do when an object is far

A
  • ciliary muscles relax to thin out lens
  • suspensory ligaments are pulled to stretch out lens and refract light less intensely
30
Q

what is the name for when the lens doesn’t refract enough

A

hyperopia (long sightedness)

31
Q

what additional lenses are used for myopia

A

concave lenses

32
Q

what is the name for when the lens refracts too much light

A

myopia (short sightedness)

33
Q

what additional lenses are used for hyperopia

A

convex lenses