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exw common core > exw first aid > Flashcards

exw first aid Flashcards

1
Q

Discuss Heat

Exhaustion

A

weakness, dizziness, headache, nausea, and loss of appetite

ashen gray, the skin cool,
moist, and clammy and the pupils may be dilated
Move the casualty to a cool or air-conditioned area.
Loosen the clothing, apply cool wet cloths to the head, maxilla, groin, and ankles, and fan the casualty

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2
Q

Causes and treatment: Shock?

A

state of inadequate tissue perfusion resulting in a decreased amount of oxygen
to vital tissues and organs.
3 major types

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3
Q

Describe Venous? Treatment?

A
  • Dark red; Steady even flow

- Treatment: Direct pressure applied directly to the wound

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4
Q

How do you treat for shock?

A

Warm the body
Bend legs up toward chest to get blood circulating to heart
and vital organs

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5
Q

What are the different
types to transport
victims?

A 
Strokes stretcher
Blanket drag
Fireman Carry
Arm Carry
Pack-strap Carry
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6
Q

TCCC - Care Under Fire?

A
  • Return fire/take cover
  • direct casualty to move to cover
  • airway management
  • stop life threatening bleeding
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7
Q

Discuss TCCC category:

Minimal

A

relatively minor injuries and can effectively care for themselves

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8
Q

2 types of fractures

A

simple/compound

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9
Q

purpose of first aid

A

prevent death, further injury, minimize infection

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10
Q

Symptoms and treatment of:

First Degree burn?

A
  • Symptoms: Epidermal layer, pain mild/severe, heals within a week
  • Treatment: Remove heat source, clean to prevent infect.
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11
Q

What is Frost bite?

A

Frostbite is classified as superficial or deep,
Occurs 32 degrees or lower
Treatment: re-warm and Protect the tissue from additional injury and keep it as clean as possible (use
sterile dressings and linen

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12
Q

Treatment for Eye injuries

A

Apply dry sterile dressings

cover both eyes

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13
Q

What does SCAB stand for ?

A
  • Secure Scene
  • Circulation
  • Airway
  • Breathing
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14
Q

What is Hypothermia?

A

General cooling of the whole body is caused by continued exposure
possible cpr
rewarm asap
use warm water and liquids

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15
Q

How would you treat a chest

wound?

A

Open Chest wounds: Ensure an open airway
Seal the wound. Both entrance and exit with Asherman Chest Seal
Closed Chest wounds/Tension Pneumothorax:
Ensure an open airway
Decompress the affected side by: catheter into lung

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16
Q

Symptoms and treatment of:

Electrical burns?

A

Symptoms: Entrance and exit wounds
Treatment: turn off power source, CPR; treating for shock; covering wounds with a dry dressing,
CASEVAC

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17
Q

Symptoms and treatment of:

Second Degree Burn?

A
  • Symptoms: Epidermal blisters, recovery 2-3 weeks, most painful
  • Treatment: Remove heat source, clean to prevent infect, get to the hospital.
18
Q

TCCC - Tactical Evacuation?

A
  • Same as Tactical Field Care
  • MEDEVAC
  • Moving the patient(s) to higher echelon of care.
19
Q

Discuss the treatment of Shock

A
  1. Maintain ABC’s.
  2. Spinal Immobilization (if mechanism of injury causes a high suspicion of spinal
    injury) .
  3. Oxygen therapy to keep oxygen saturation >92% (if available).
  4. Obtain IV access and give fluids, if necessary.
  5. Trendelenburg position (head down, feet elevated).
  6. Keep patient warm.
  7. CASEVAC.
20
Q

Treatment for Head wounds

A

Stabilization of the casualty’s head
Check the casualty’s vital signs. Ensure injured is AVUP
A–alert. V–verbal. P–pain. U–unresponsive.

21
Q

Treatment for Facial Wounds

A
  1. Clear the airway if compromised.
  2. Control bleeding.
  3. Treat for shock
  4. Protect the wound.
  5. Turn patient on side or lean over to keep airway clear
22
Q

Discuss TCCC category:

Immediate

A

includes those that require lifesaving surgery

23
Q

What is another name for the gas mask?

A

M50

24
Q

What does HNS CASPER stand for?

A
  • Head
  • Neck
  • Shoulder
  • Chest
  • Abdominals
  • Spine
  • Pelvis
  • Extremities
  • Repeat
25
Q

Discuss heat

stroke?

A 
20 percent mortality rate
extremely high body temperature
Breathing will be deep and rapid , later shallow almost absent
 very dry
pupils will be constricted
Maintain an open airway.
Place the casualty on his back
 head slightly raised

are available, place them under the arms, around the neck, at the ankles, and in the groin.
Expose the casualty to a fan or air conditioner, since drafts will promote cooling. Immersing the casualty in a cold
water bath is also very effective.
If the casualty is conscious, give cool water to drink. Do not give any hot drinks or stimulants

26
Q

Discuss TCCC category:

Delayed

A

includes those wounded who are badly in need of time-consuming surgery

27
Q

Discuss symptoms of shock and its

treatment?

A
  • Symptoms: Clammy skin, weak rapid pulse, pale skin, and confusion
  • Treatment: move to cover, elevate legs above heart, loosen clothing, prevent chilling
28
Q

Hypovolemic shock

A

loss of intravascular volume

29
Q

What does M.I.S.T mean?

A

M - Mechanism of injury
I- Injuries or Illness sustained
S- Symptoms and Vital Signs
T- Treatment Given

30
Q

three types of bleeding.

A

Arterial
Venous
Capillary

31
Q

Causes and
treatment: Cardiac
Arrest?

A

cause: complete stoppage of heart

- treatment: CPR or AED

32
Q

Causes and treatment: Burns

A

maintain airway
remove clothing
protect burn area
dress it

33
Q

Cardiogenic shock

A

heart failing to pump blood adequately

34
Q

Symptoms and treatment of:

Third Degree Burns?

A
  • Symptoms: Burns to the bone, tissue/nerves destroyed, pain at burn site will be absent if nerve
    endings are damaged.
  • Treatment: Remove heat source, clean to prevent infect.
35
Q

What are the different lines

in the MEDEVAC Nine Line?

A
  1. Location of the pick-up site
  2. Radio frequency, call sign, and suffix
  3. Number of patients by precedence: A - Urgent B - Urgent Surgical C - Priority D - Routine E -
    Convenience
  4. Special equipment required:
    A - None B - Hoist C - Extraction equipment D - Ventilator
  5. Number of patients:
    A - Litter B - Ambulatory
  6. Security at pick-up site
  7. Method of marking pick-up site
  8. Patient nationality and status
    A - US Military B - US Civilian C - Non-US Military D - Non-US Civilian E - EPW
  9. NBC Contamination/ Terrain description
36
Q

TCCC Triage Categories?

A
  • Immediate
  • Delayed
  • Minimal
  • Expectant (verge of death)
37
Q

Symptoms and treatment of:

Chemical Burns?

A
  • Symptoms: Chemical or another material causing heat exposure
  • Treatment: Flush w/ water, remove clothing, baking soda (if acids), go to hospital
38
Q

Causes and treatment:

Asphyxiation?

A

cause: airway obstruction, deficient supply of oxygen to the body
- treatment: clear airway

39
Q

Whats the rules of nine?

A
  • Used to give a rough estimate on the total surface area burned
    A first-degree burn over 50 percent of the body surface area (BSA) may be more
    serious than a third-degree burn over 3 percent.
40
Q

Describe Capillary? Treatment?

A
  • Dark Red; Oozes out slowly

- Treatment: Pressure dressing.

41
Q

Causes and treatment:

Hemorrhage?

A

cause: cut/loss of limb; severe loss of blood
- treatment: direct pressure = bandage
indirect pressure = stop cap;
tourniquet = last resort

42
Q

(Vasogenic) shock

A 
vascular container (blood vessels) dilate (enlarge) without a
proportional increase in fluid volume

exw common core (11 decks)

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