Extrinsic back muscles

Question 1

Proximal attachment of trapezius fibres from superior, middle, and inferior

Answer 1

1. Medial third of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament
2. spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments of vertebrae T1-T4 (or C7-T3)
3. spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments of vertebrae T4-T12

Question 2

Distal attachments of trapezius

Answer 2

1. lateral third of clavicle
2. medial acromial margin, superior crest of spine of scapula
3. lateral apex of the medial end of scapular spine

Question 3

Innervation of trapezius

Answer 3

Cranial nerve

Question 4

Main actions of trapezius

Answer 4

• Elevation
• Depression
• Retraction
• Extends neck
• Contralateral rotation of head
  Lateral flexion of neck

Question 5

Proximal attachments for latissimus dorsi?

Answer 5

Spinous processes of vertebrae T7-T12

Thoracolumbar fascia (attaching to L1-L5 of sacrum)

Posterior third of crest of ilium

Costal part: Ribs 9-12
Inferior angle of scapula

Question 6

Insertion for latissimus dorsi?

Answer 6

Intertubercular sulcus of humerus, between pectoralis major and teres major muscles

Mnemonic: Lady between two majors (lady refers to latissimus dorsi)

Question 7

What is all extrinsic back muscles innervated by other than trapezius?

Answer 7

Ventral rami

Question 8

What action does latissimus dorsi do?

Answer 8

Arm internal rotation, arm adduction and arm extension

Question 9

Levator scapulae proximal attachment?

Answer 9

Transverse process c1-c4

Question 10

Distal attachment of levator scapulae

Answer 10

superior angle of scapula

Question 11

Actions of levator scapulae?

Answer 11

Elevate and downward rotation of scapula

Neck extension and same side lateral flexion

Question 12

Rhomboid minor proximal attachments?

Answer 12

Nuchal ligament, Spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T1

Question 13

Distal attachments of rhomboid minor

Answer 13

Root/medial end of spine of scapula

Question 14

Actions of rhomboid minor?

Answer 14

1. Retraction of the Scapula (Adduction)
2. Elevation of the Scapula
3. Downward Rotation of the Scapula
   overhead position).
4. Stabilization of the Scapula

Question 15

Rhomboid major proximal attachments

Answer 15

Spinous process of vertebrae T2-T5

Question 16

Distal attachments of rhomboid major

Answer 16

medial border of scapula

Question 17

Action of rhomboid major?

Answer 17

Same as minor

Question 18

Proximal attachments of Serratus posterior superior

Answer 18

Nuchal ligament, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T3

Question 19

distal attachments of Serratus posterior superior

Answer 19

Superior borders of ribs 2-5

Question 20

Action of Proximal attachments of Serratus posterior superior?

Answer 20

Elevates ribs (breathe in)

Question 21

Proximal attachments of Serratus posterior inferior?

Answer 21

Spinous processes of vertebrae T11-L2

Question 22

Distal attachments of Serratus posterior inferior?

Answer 22

Inferior borders of ribs 9-12

Question 23

Action of Serratus posterior inferior?

Answer 23

Depress ribs (breathe out)