Extrication & Multiple Casualty Incidents

Question 1

3 general situations require an emergency move of a patient

Answer 1

1. scene becomes unsafe
2. gain access to other patients
3. proper treatment cannot be provided

Question 2

Basic Guidelines to moving a casualty

Answer 2

• only move patient you can safely handle
• don’t use back, take short steps, move forward whenever possible
• protect the casualty’s head and spine

Question 3

Incident command system (ICS)

Answer 3

organized management approach to an emergency, especially in an MCI

Question 4

Advantages of ICS

Answer 4

• common vocab for all parties
• integrated communications system
• one commander who makes rapid, informed decisions
• unified command structure with well-established divisions
• easily managed units, normally consisting of no more than 4 people

Question 5

Triage

Answer 5

process for sorting out casualties of MCI into categories according to how ill or injured they are

Question 6

START system for triage

Answer 6

Simple, Triage, and rapid, treatment
- assess only
1. respiration
2. circulation
3. LOR
- assessment and care-giving skills are modified to save more lives by sacrificing the severely injured

Question 7

Colours of START meaning

Answer 7

Green (minor) - walking with no assistance
yellow (delayed) - normal respir. radial pulse present and LOR normal
red (immediate) - breathing more than 30 per min, breathing normal but radial pulse absent, breathing normal, radial pulse present, but LOR abnormal
black - dead/non-salvageable, no respiration

Question 8

Minor

Answer 8

Green
- walk from site without assistance
- send them to the collection site
- clear first

Question 9

Delayed care

Answer 9

Yellow
- B, C, & LOR within normal limits
- not able to move
- do not require immediate interventions
(leg fracture)

Question 10

immediate care

Answer 10

Red
- need to be immediately transported to a medial facility
- patients with illness or injuries that out them in RTD category
- breathing normal but radial pulse present
(internal hemorrhage)

Question 11

Dead/Non-salvageable

Answer 11

Black
- Obviously deceased
- not breathing and fail to breathe after attempts to open airway

Question 12

Checking respiration w/ START

Answer 12

Not breathing?
1. check & maintain open airway
2. still not breathing = dead / black
3. no pulse check - move on

Breathing (present initially or w/ airway maintenance)
1. check rate
2. > 30 breaths /min = red
3. <30 breaths/min = check pulse

Question 13

Checking radial pulse w/ START

Answer 13

radial pulse absent bilaterally = red
radial pulse present = check LOR
pulse is only presence

Question 14

Checking LOR w/ START

Answer 14

only if resp = <30 breaths/min
radial pulse present

Awake & responds appropriately to V = yellow
Responds inappropriately to V, is P or U = immediate care