Extremity Orto Tests

Question 1

Navicular Drop Test- What are the ranges?

Answer 1

Normal is 6-10m
Excessive 11-15mm
Abnormal is >15mm
Compare bilaterally

Question 2

What are the finding for the weight bearing wall lunge test?

Answer 2

Normal is >10cm foot distance from wall
Restricted is <10cm from wall
Inclinometer result of <40 degrees is restricted

Question 3

What is the name of this procedure? What is the interpretation?
-Patient stands upright
* Patient attempts to step as far forward as possible with the non-testing foot while maintaining heel contact with the floor of the rear leg
* Patient must keep the rear knee straight and foot aligned in the sagittal plane.
* The tested leg is the rear leg.
* The angle is recorded by placing an inclinometer over the tibial tuberosity.

Answer 3

Knee Extended Ankle Dorsiflexion;
Should be near 22.5 degrees

Question 4

What are the alternative names for the Functional Heel Raise Test? What is it and the interpretations?

Answer 4

Hubscher Maneuver or Jack’s Test;

Foot appears flat in midstance but arch appears during a heel raise.

Reappearance of arch is a “functional flat foot”. No arch appearing is a true flat foot and could have joint restriction, ruptured posterior tibialis, or structural differences.

Question 5

What is the normal ROM for the non-weight bearing toe extension test?

Answer 5

70-90 degrees is WNL,
40-60 degrees is considered mild “Hallux Rigidus”

Question 6

Name this test-
Supine patient with posterior knees flat on the table
One arm of goniometer parallel to table, other arm lining up with transmalleolar line.
Normal is 15-20 degree of external torsion
>20 is external tibial torsion
<15 is internal tibial torsion

Answer 6

Tibial Torsion-Supine assessment

Question 7

Name this test and what WNL ROM is-
The patient is prone on table.
* The inclinometer is positioned at the posterior aspect of the mid-calf and zeroed (alternate position is on anterior shin after being zeroed to bottom of table or desk)
* The pelvis is stabilized.
* Patient’s knee is passively flexed (approximate heel to buttock). The angle is
measured at point just before lumbar spine begins to extend or hip raises up.

Answer 7

PRONE KNEE FLEXION ROM
WNL ROM is ~148 degrees or getting the heel to within on fist width of glute.

Question 8

What is the trendlenburg test? What does it test?

Answer 8

Standing patient, with hands/arm supported over head.
Patient stands with affected side raised off ground.
With patient in single leg stance, the examiner observes if the opposite side of the pelvis drops below neutral.

Indicates weak hip abductors on the contralateral side (glute med of stance leg)

Question 9

What is the minimum normal value for prone passive hip IR?

Answer 9

30 degrees

Question 10

What is the stopping point for the prone passive hip internal rotation test?

Answer 10

Immediately before the pelvis starts rotating

Question 11

What is the procedure and findings for the prone passive hip external rotation test?

Answer 11

Prone patient, testing leg knee flexed
Stabilize the pelvis, passively move foot medial to externally rotate the hip
end range is measured immediately before the pelvis starts to rotate.

Should get to 40 degrees of ER

Question 12

• Normal position is to palpate the greater trochanter as being most lateral between 10 – 15 degrees of internal rotation
• Anteversion: >15 degrees internal rotation
• Retroversion: < 10 degrees of internal rotation

What is this describing?

Answer 12

Craig’s Test for Femoral Torsion

Question 13

What are the Shoulder Flexion Test Components?
Yes=Pass
No=Fail

Answer 13

Scapular Axillary Hair test- At the patient’s full flexion (overhead reach), does the inferior angle of the scapula reach the posterior border of the mid axillary line?

Scapular Posterior Tilting- At the patient’s full flexion (overhead reach), does the scapula tilt posterior?

Movement of the CT Junction- At the patient’s full flexion (overhead reach), does the cervicothoracic junction extend when palpating the spinous processes?

Question 14

What are the interpretations of the 3 shoulder flexion test components?

Answer 14

If you pass the axillary hair test & posterior tilting test= scapula has adequate upward rotation & the GH joint is the issue

If the scapula fails the axillary hair test or posterior tilt test then the scapulothoracic joint is partially the issue

Question 15

What should the total rotation of the shoulder be?

Answer 15

150 degrees & within 5 degrees bilaterally

Question 16

How do you measure posterior capsule tightness of the shoulder?

Answer 16

-the patient, is placed supine with the arm forward flexed to 90° and the elbow flexed to 90°.
* The examiner stands beside the patient and, while palpating the lateral edge of the scapula, horizontally adducts the patient’s arm.
* As soon as the examiner feels the scapula begins to move, the horizontal adduction is stopped, and the angle relative to the vertical position is measured. If the pathological side has less ROM and the end feel is capsular, capsular tightness is present.
* This capsular tightness should correlate well with decreased medial rotation provided the scapula is not allowed to move in compensation.