extras Flashcards
What are polysaccharides useful for?
a useful form of storage as they are insoluble in water, therefore, do not affect osmotic balance like mono to disaccharides do.
Where does starch come from and what is it used for?
Roots of plants used a source of nutrition in humans
How is starch broken down?
Broken down via a hydrolysis reaction. Enzyme amylase is secreted by the salivary glands of the mouth and breaks down to form maltose.
maltose is then further broken down via a hydrolysis reaction with the help of enzyme maltase, to form 2 glucose molecules which can then be used for cellular energy in the form of ATP.
How do carbohydrates fit in with DNA / RNA?
DNA / RNA contain a 5 carbon base (pentose) sugar - deoxyribose or ribose and a phosphate which is the building block for DNA & RNA
How does a triglyceride break down
Enzyme lipase is mobilised by adrenalin or glucagon which breaks the triglyceride down to fatty acids and glycerol which CANNOT be easily transported by the blood. The enzyme catalyses a series of hydrolysis reactions.
Protein Albumin attaches to fatty acids and transports them to the required location while released glycerol is absorbed by the liver where it is turned in to glucose.
