Extras

Question 1

Treatment of hypercalcaemia

Answer 1

0.9% NaCl 4-6l 24 hrs
zolendronic acid IV

Question 2

Treatment of hypocalcaemia

Answer 2

10% calcium gluconate

Question 3

Management of adrenal crisis

Answer 3

100mg hydrocortisone IV stat
Then 200mg over 24 hours

Plus NaCl

Question 4

What drugs cause falls?

Answer 4

Tamsulosin, oxybutynin
Anti-epileptics
Anti-psychotics
SSRIs
ACE/ARBs, CCB, diuretics
Sedating drugs - antihistamines, benzos, z drugs, opioids, antiparkinsons

Question 5

What drugs increase QTC interval?

Answer 5

Abx
Anti-fungals
Anti-malarials
Antidepressants
Antipsychotics
Methadone
Ciclosporin
Tacrolimus
Tamoxifen
Amiodarone
Anti-emetics - domperidone

Question 6

What drugs can cause jaundice?

Answer 6

Abx - fluclox, co-amox
Azathioprine
Methyldopa
COCP
NSAIDs
Statins
Phenytoin
Paracetamol
Alcohol

Question 7

Side effects of metformin

Answer 7

GI upset and lactic acidosis

Question 8

Side effects of sulphonylureas

Answer 8

increase in appetite, weight gain, hypos

Question 9

Side effects of glitazones

Answer 9

heart failure, oedema

Question 10

Side effects of gliptins

Answer 10

pancreatitis

Question 11

Side effects of SGLT-2

Answer 11

Urinary infection, gangrene

Question 12

Side effects of GLP-1

Answer 12

D+N, pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer

Question 13

When do you stop different perioperative drugs?

Answer 13

Antiplatelets - 7 days
Warfarin - 5 days
DOACs - 24-48hrs
COCP/HRT - 4 weeks
Lithium - day before
K+ sparing + ACEi - day of

Question 14

What drugs cause photosensitivity?

Answer 14

Doxycycline, trimethoprim
Tacrolimus
Retinoids
Accutane
SSRIs, TCAs
Sulphonylureas
Amiodarone

Question 15

What drugs cause erectile dysfunction?

Answer 15

SSRIs, BBs, diuretics, antihypertensives

Question 16

What drugs cause insomnia?

Answer 16

SSRIs, TCAs
Steroids
Dementia drugs: donepizil, rivastigmine
ACE/ARB/BB

Question 17

What are the side effects of antiemetics?

Answer 17

Domperidone - parkinsons
Ondansetron - >QTC

Question 18

What are some of the causes of peripheral neuropathy?

Answer 18

Alcohol
B12 deficiency
Metronidazole
Amiodarone
Digoxin
Phenytoin

Question 19

What are some of the drug causes of VTE?

Answer 19

COCP
HRT
Tamoxifen
EPO
Warfarin

Question 20

What are some of the drug causes of ototoxicity?

Answer 20

Gentamicin
Vancomycin
Loop diuretics
NSAIDs

Question 21

What drugs can cause reflux?

Answer 21

Doxycycline
Alendronic acid/bisphosphonates
Steroids
NSAIDs

Question 22

What drugs can cause diarrhoea?

Answer 22

Abx e.g. clindamycin
Metformin and GLP agonists
SSRIs

Question 23

What drugs can cause myopathy?

Answer 23

Statins
Steroids
RA drugs

Question 24

What drugs can cause oedema?

Answer 24

CCB
Glitazones
Fluids
Steroids
NSAIDs

Question 25

What is a common side effect of ticagrelor?

Answer 25

Dyspnoea 'air hunger'

Question 26

What is a common prescription in febrile convulsions?

Answer 26

Paracetamol Don't give anticonvulsants

Question 27

Why should ibuprofen and other NSAIDs be used with caution with methotrexate?

Answer 27

Increased risk of nephrotoxicity

Question 28

Why is trimethoprim not given with methotrexate?

Answer 28

2 folate antagonists Increases the risk of bone marrow toxicity

Question 29

When is methotrexate use contraindicated?

Answer 29

Active infection

Question 30

Why is prophylactic enoxaparin generally not appropriate following ischaemic stroke?

Answer 30

Risk of haemorrhagic transformation

Question 31

How is insulin administered?

Answer 31

All given subcut, except for sliding scales

Question 32

What is a common side effect of bisphosphonates?

Answer 32

Constipation

Question 33

What is it important to monitor with statin therapy?

Answer 33

LFTs before, after 3 months and after 12 months If 3x upper limit or more - discontinue.

Question 34

What important side effect is labetolol associated with?

Answer 34

Severe hepatocellular damage, e.g. report non-specific itching of the skin and check liver function

Question 35

What is it important to measure with antipsychotics?

Answer 35

Weight/BMI in first 6 weeks due to risk of weight gain

Question 36

What drugs are linked to psychiatric reactions?

Answer 36

Systemic corticosteroids

Question 37

What is a symptom of beta blocker overuse?

Answer 37

Tremor - sympathomimetic beta agonist overuse

Question 38

What are some examples of HRT to prescribe?

Answer 38

Oestrogen only following hysterectomy: Oestradiol oral tablets 1mg, 2mg daily OR transdermal patches oestradiol Cyclical combined HRT - have a uterus, perimenopausal Oral tablets - oestradiol/norethisterone 1mg/1mg or transdermal patches Continuous combined HRT - postmenopausal, uterus Oestradiol/norethisterone 1mg/0.5mg or transdermal patches 50mcg/170mcg twice weekly Topical vaginal oestrogen Oestradiol vaginal tablet 10mcg as directed