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SL12002 Cell Biology > Extracellular matrix III > Flashcards

Extracellular matrix III Flashcards

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1
Q

What are glycosaminoglycans linked to?

A

Proteoglycans

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2
Q

Characteristic of proteoglycans?

A

Non-fibrous

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3
Q

What is the central compound in a aggrecan aggregate?

A

Hyaluronan molecue

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4
Q

What comes off the central hyaluronan molecule in an aggrecan aggregate?

A

Proteoglycans

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5
Q

What is at the core of a proteoglycan in an aggrecan aggregate?

A

A protein (e.g. aggrecan)

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6
Q

What comes off the proteoglycans on an aggrecan aggregate?

A

Glycosaminoglycan chains

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7
Q

What glycosaminoglycans may come off the proteoglycans on an aggrecan aggregate?

A

Chondroitin sulphate

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8
Q

What is used to attach the proteoglycans to the hyaluronan in an aggrecan aggregate?

A

link proteins

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9
Q

Why are link proteins needed to attach the proteoglycans to the hyaluronan in an aggrecan aggregate?

A

Hyaluronan doesnt form cross-links to proteins

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10
Q

Why can aggrecan aggregates occupy space very efficiently?

A

The linear chains of the glycosaminoglycans can absorb a lot of water

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11
Q

What can vary between different types of connective tissue?

A

Proportion of fibres to cells in the ECM
Number and proportion of cell types in ECM
Proportion and arrangement of fibres in ECM
Composition of non-fibrous component of ECM

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12
Q

What is the dermis?

A

The connective tissue layer under the epidermis

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13
Q

Why may collagen fibres not form?

A

Failure of conversion of lysine to hydroxylysine by lysyl hydroxylase
Failure to cleave off propeptide termini

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14
Q

Where is areolar connective tissues found?

A

Wrapped around organs

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15
Q

What does areolar connective tissue provide to tissues?

A

Flexibility and cushioning

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16
Q

How is the orientation of collagen in tendons and ligaments?

A

All in one direction

17
Q

Why is the orientation of collagen in tendons and ligaments all in one direction?

A

The orientation at which you need to resist forces is known

18
Q

How is the orientation of collagen in skin?

A

Not very organised

19
Q

Why is the orientation of collagen in skin not very organised?

A

Orientation of forces is not very predictable (skin can be stretched in every direction)

20
Q

Where are chondrocytes found?

A

Ears

21
Q

Role of chondrocytes?

A

Specialised cells that secrete cartillage

22
Q

Where are osteocytes found?

A

Bone

23
Q

Role of osteocytes?

A

Specialised cells to secrete bone components

24
Q
A

SL12002 Cell Biology (14 decks)

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