Extra test material Flashcards
What is the incidence of gastroschisis?
1:15,000 (rare)
What is the incidence of omphalocele?
1:6,000
What type of induction for TEF?
Awake if unstable
RSI if stable
Which is the more common myelodysplasia?
meningomyelocele 3:1000
encephalocele only 0.3:1000
What is the risks of myelodysplasias and what is subsequent mortality?
- Infection/death due to exposed CNS elements
- Delayed closure worsens motor function later in life
- Mortality 17.6% so correct abnormality AS SOON AS BABY IS BORN
What is the incidence of Hirschsprung’s Disease?
1: 5000 births
Male: female = 4:1
What is the incidence of TE fistula?
1:3000 live births
What are important considerations for a patient with a nasal encephalocele?
Positioning is important.
AWAKE intubation
What are the main electrolyte imbalances seen with pyloric stenosis?
Hypokalemia
Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis
What happens to sodium levels during pyloric stenosis?
Relatively unchanged
-Body will defend volume before pH and thus saves sodium to retain water
What is the incidence of pyloric stenosis?
4:1 male:female
How do you induce a pyloric stenosis pt?
Awake if unstable
RSI if stable
How do you extubate pyloric stenosis pt?
AWAKE
What has the FDA launched for the safety of children?
SAFEKIDS now SMARTTOTS
Which preoperative lab values are important to consider when worried about the risk of postoperative apnea?
Hct (and K)
What are the contributing factors for AOP?
CNS disease
Systemic illness
Thermal/metabolic disturbances
Airway anomalies
What effects do halogenated agents have on the CO2 response curve and ventilatory response to hypoxia?
Dose-dependent decrease in slope and right shift of CO2 response curve
Depressed ventilatory response to hypoxia
What are the characteristics of Bronchopulmonary displasia?
Increased airway resistance Poor long compliance VQ mismatch Hypoxemia/O2 desaturation Increased work of breathing Chronic wheezing
How is PCA calculated?
Age since birth - weeks premature
What are the fasting guidelines (in hours) for solids/milk for 36 mos of age?
< 6 mos = 4 hrs
6-36 mos = 6 hrs
> 36 mos = 8 hrs
What procedures are associated with PONV?
T & A, ENT, Ears, Eyes, laparoscopic
Is there a correlation between # surgeries and learning disabilities?
> 3 surgeries before age 2 = increased incidence of learning disabilities
