Extra Information Flashcards
What are the four major classes of organic molecules?
The four major classes of organic molecules include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.
What is the difference between an organic molecule and an inorganic molecule?
Organic molecules contain carbon-hydrogen bonds whereas the inorganic molecules do not.
Acidosis
Blood becomes too acidic.
When the buffer system fails and pH drops too low an organism develops this.
Alkalosis
Blood becomes too basic.
When the buffer system fails and the pH gets too high in an organism.
pH scale
A system of classifying how acidic or basic a solution is.
The letters pH stand for potential of hydrogen, since pH is effectively a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (that is, protons) in a substance.
Goes from 1-14, a pH of 7 is neutral.
Our blood has a pH of 7.4
How does the pH value become more acidic?
A solution that contains more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions is acidic and the pH of the solution is less than 7.
*acids are molecules that can split apart in water and release hydrogen ions (H+)
If a molecule releases hydrogen ions in water, it’s an acid.
The more hydrogen ions it releases, the stronger the acid, & the lower the pH value.
How does the pH value become more basic?
A solution that contains more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions is basic, & it’s pH is higher than 7.
Bases are molecules that can split apart in water and release hydroxide ions (OH-)
Bases dissociate (break apart) into hydroxide ions (OH-) and a positive ion.
The hydroxide ions can combine with H+ to create water. So, the more hydroxide ions a molecule releases
(or the more hydrogen ions it takes in)
The more basic it is.
Also known as Bases.
What are carbohydrates?
Energy packed compounds.
What’s the formula for a carbohydrate?
CH2O
Consist of 1 carbon, 2 hydrogen, and 1 oxygen atom(s).
What’s the formula for Glucose?
C6H12O6
6x’s that of the formula for a carbohydrate.
