EXTRA... IFYKYK

Question 1

What is the Role of Neurone Membranes at Rest?

Answer 1

A neurone’s membrane is polarized at rest, with the inside being negatively charged compared to the outside.
This creates a resting potential.
The membrane maintains this polarization until stimulated, at which point depolarization may occur, leading to an action potential

Question 2

How is a Stimulus Transmitted in the Nervous System?

Answer 2

Stimulus detected by receptors creates an electrical signal.
The signal is transmitted as a nerve impulse along sensory neurons to the CNS.
CNS processes the information and sends impulses via motor neurons to effectors.

Question 3

How Do Sensory Receptors Convert Stimuli into Nerve Impulses?

Answer 3

Receptors detect stimuli and generate a generator potential.
If the generator potential is big enough, it triggers an action potential.
If the stimulus is too weak, the generator potential won’t reach the threshold and no action potential occurs.

Question 4

What are Pacinian Corpuscles and How Do They Work?

Answer 4

Pacinian corpuscles are mechanoreceptors that detect pressure and vibration.
They are found in skin and other areas and generate a nerve impulse when deformed by pressure.
This deformation opens sodium channels, causing depolarization and triggering an action potential if the threshold is reached.

Question 5

How Does the Nervous System Send Information?

Answer 5

The nervous system uses sensory, motor, and relay neurons.
Sensory neurons carry information from receptors to the central nervous system (CNS).
Motor neurons transmit signals from the CNS to effectors (muscles/glands).
Relay neurons carry signals between sensory and motor neurons.