Extra facts: Flashcards

1
Q

Oedema

A

fluid collection in cavities, usually sympthom of renal disease.

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2
Q

Dyshpagia

A

Problems with swallowing

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3
Q

Dyspepsia

A

Describes a group of symptoms to do with indigestion, burping up stomach juices and gas for example.

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4
Q

Neutrophil leucocytosis

A

high white blood cell count

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5
Q

Steatorrhoea

A

increase in faecal fat content cause dby fat malabsorption

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6
Q

Barrett’s oesophagus

A

A serious complication of GERD. Normal tissue lining the oesophagus (slokdarm) changes to tissue that resembles the lining of the intestine

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7
Q

What bacterium is often found n patients with chronic gastritis and gastric ulcers?

A

Helicobacter Pylori

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8
Q

Upper Respiratory Tract infection

A

The common cold

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9
Q

Tumor sizing. T1-4, N0-3 and M0/M1?

A

T1: smaller than 3 cm. T2 larger than 3 cm. T3 local extension. T4 extensive spread.
N0: no regional lymph node involvement. N1: hilar nodes. N2: mediastinal nodes. N3: contralateral nodes or ipsilateral supraclavicular…
M0= No distant metastasis
M1 = distant metastasis

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10
Q

Two forms of lung cancer:

A

Non small cell lung cnacer (80% of all cancers, better survival chance in early stages) and small cell lung cancer which is very aggressive and often reoccurs after treatment.

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11
Q

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

A

Breathing stops at night resulting in shortage of oxygen.

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12
Q

Epidural hematoma

A

Buildup of blood between tough outermembrane of central nervous system and skull

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13
Q

What is a thrombus and what is the next possible stage called?

A

A thrombus is a blood cloth and when it loosens it becomes an embolis

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14
Q

Name the term for a high heart rate and a low.

A

Trachicardia and Bradycardia

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15
Q

Name two genes that are of great importance in cancer inheritance

A

BRCA1 and BRCA2 they play a role in double stranded DNA break repair.

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16
Q

Anemia

A

decrease in red blood cells.

17
Q

haemoptysis

A

Coughing blood

18
Q

haematuria, anuria, polyurina and proteinuria

A

blood in urine, no urine, too much urine, protein in urine

19
Q

Paresthesia

A

Sensation of tingling, tickling, pricking or burning of a persons skin.

20
Q

Maleana

A

Abnormal dark faeces (bleeding)

21
Q

Heart flow valves: (name mnemonic aid)

A

This Path Makes A heart flow (Tricapsid valve, Pulmonary valve, Mitral valve(biccuspid), Aortic valve)

22
Q

Amenorrhoea

A

Absence of menstrual period

23
Q

Dysmenorrhoea

A

Pain during menstrual period

24
Q

What do beta blockers do?

A

Lower heart rate