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Animals: Structure and Function(Respiratory & Circulatory) > extra definitions > Flashcards

extra definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Albumins

A

-protien found in plasma
-determines amount of water that leaves and enters the cell by diffusion

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2
Q

globulins

A

-protien found in plasma
-transport lipids, cholesterol and fat soluble vitamins

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3
Q

Fibrinogen

A

-protien found in plasma
-blood clotting

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4
Q

Fibrinogen

A

-found in blood and is turned into fibrin which forms a mesh that traps more platelets and blood cells

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5
Q

hemocytometer

A

can estimate erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platters to determine potential disorders

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6
Q

Anemia

A

condition where there is a low erythrocyte count

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7
Q

Diastole

A

period of relaxation in heart and blood fills

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8
Q

systole

A

heart contracts and empties blood

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9
Q

SA node

A

contract atrias

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10
Q

AV node

A

sends signals to purkinje fibres

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11
Q

purkinje fibres

A

contract ventricles

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12
Q

Vagus nerve

A

nerve from medulla oblongata

-tells heart beat to slow down

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13
Q

Cardio accecelator nerve

A

nerve from the medulla oblongata

-tells heart rate to speed up

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14
Q

electrocardiograph

A

measures heart beat

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15
Q

Hypertension

A

increased blood pressure

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16
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

general term for coronary diseases

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17
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

specific type of arteriosclerosis

caused by plague building up on artery walls

leads to coronary artery disease

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18
Q

Ischemic

A

type of stroke where there’s a blood clot in a blood vessel going to brain

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19
Q

Hemorrhagic

A

type of stroke that occurs when blood vessel in brain burt’s

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20
Q

Angioplasty

A

type of treatment for CAD

balloon pushes plaque away

stent keeps artery open

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21
Q

Coronary bypass surgery

A

-type of treatment for CAD

another artery or vein is used for blood flow to get to area

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22
Q

Aneurysm

A

a bulge in an artery and can burst

23
Q

Regurgitation

A

a type of heart valve disease

when a valve doesn’t close completely and blood flows backward instead of forward

24
Q

Stenosis

A

type of heart valve disease

when the valve opening is narrowed due to thickening and scarring

25
Q

Arrhythmia

A

problems with speed and rhythm of heart

treated with artificial pacemaker

26
Q

congenital heart defect

A

have since birth

problem with septum dividing chambers

27
Q

Myeloid

A

type of leukaemia

too many immature leukocytes that don’t fight infection

28
Q

lymphoid

A

type of leukaemia

when too many lymphocytes that aren’t able to perform their immunity role both can be acute or chronic

29
Q

lipoprotein

A

found in alveoli

lubricates alveoli and helps with them expansding

30
Q

hypoxia

A

altitude sickness

31
Q

tonsils prevent

A

bacteria and harmful substances from entering respiratory system

32
Q

lobular pneumonia is caused by streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria

A
33
Q

bronchitis is caused by bacterial infections or constant exposure to toxic dust and chemicals

A
34
Q

acute bronchitis is caused by bacterial infection and can be treated

A
35
Q

chronic bronchitis is when cilia in bronchi is damaged due to constant exposure to toxic particles

A
36
Q

asthma is a chronic disease caused by chronic inflammation and overproduction of mucus

A
37
Q

emphysema is a chronic disease caused by loss of elasticity in the alveoli making it had to expel air

A
38
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

genetic disease caused by overproduction of thick sticky mucus in airways

protein responsible for regulating balance of water and salt isn’t made and cells produce thick sticky mucus

39
Q

lung cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell froth forming a carcinoma

treated by getting a pneumonectomy to remove the cancer

A
40
Q

blood:

transportation
immune system
reg temp

A
41
Q

complete single circulation; fish(2 chambers)

A
42
Q

incomplete, double circulation:frog(3 chambers)

A
43
Q

complete double circulation(4 chambers)

A
44
Q

humans contain 4-5L of blood

A
45
Q

vasodilation expands to release heat

A
46
Q

vasoconstriction is when blood vessles constrict to conserve heat

A
47
Q

plasma is made up of 90% water, minerals, oxygen, vitamins, albumins(control water diffusion in cells), globulins(transports fats and cholesterol), fibrinogen(blood clotting)

A
48
Q

heart requires 10% of oxygen in blood

A
49
Q

coronary blood vessles bring blood to the heart

A
50
Q

AV valves have chordate tendinae that keep valves closed when ventricles contract

A
51
Q

arteries have smooth muscle that contracts the regulate blood flow and pressure

A
52
Q

veins have less smooth muscle than arteries

A
53
Q

venous valves

A

found in veins and keep flow from going backward

Animals: Structure and Function(Respiratory & Circulatory) (7 decks)

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