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OBGYN > Extra > Flashcards

Extra Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the use of HIV PEP

A

Must be taken within 72 hrs

Taken for 28 days

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2
Q

When is tocolysis given?

A

If between 26 - 29+6 weeks in suspected preterm labour

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3
Q

What pain relief to use after birth?

A

Paracetamol, ibuprofen or dihydrocodeine

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4
Q

What is the acid base balance during pregnancy?

A

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic acidosis

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5
Q

What are the timeframes for retrieving forensic samples post sexual assault?

A 
48hrs = VVS for digital penetration, oral penetration
72hrs = anal swabs 
168hrs = VVS for vaginal penetration
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6
Q

What is lymphogranuloma venereum?

A

Chronic infection of lymphatic system due to chlamydia

Causes enlarged nodes, fever, muscle pain

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7
Q

HIV window testing times

A

The earliest you can be tested positive for HIV is 2 weeks post exposure, but 95% likely if tested at 4 weeks

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8
Q

What is HIV PREP?

A

Daily pill that can protect HIV negative people if taken every day

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9
Q

What types of retroverted uterus is normal + abnormal?

A

Retroverted + mobile = fine

Retroverted + fixed = adhesions/ PID

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10
Q

When can emergency contraception not be offered?

A

When zygote has implanted

If after 5 days of ovulation + 5 days after unprotected sex

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11
Q

When can you have unprotected sex after having the implant + injection?

A

7 days

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12
Q

What measurement increases in the fetus of DM mum?

A

AC

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13
Q

What is the quadruple test + when can it be done?

A

hcg, AFP, inhibit A, Ue3 (unconjugated estriol).

Used for 2nd trimester testing from 14+2 – 20 weeks

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14
Q

How many mothers get PND + psychosis, and how many dads?

A

1 in 10 mothers get PND
1 in 1000 get puerperal psychosis
1 in 25 fathers get PND

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15
Q

What is the cutoff % rise for ectopic pregnancy?

A

Rise <66% in 48hrs

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16
Q

What drug is misoprostol?

A

PGE1

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17
Q

What do NICE recommend for miscarriage?

A

2 weeks expectant

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18
Q

Salpingectomy vs salpingotomy

A

Salpingotomy is tube sparing but likely to be damaged + therefore ectopic again

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19
Q

When do you aim for delivery with pre-eclampsia + pregnancy induced HTN?

A

37 weeks

PIH = 40 weeks

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20
Q

What are the signs of pre-eclampsia + PCR ratio?

A

Hyperreflexia + clonus

Ratio >30

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21
Q

What liver enzyme is usually high during pregnancy?

A

ALP - secreted by placenta

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22
Q

What is the danger with vasa praevia + ARM?

A

Vasa praevia – fetal blood vessels run through membrane. Will cause fetal blood loss if ARM

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23
Q

What are the complications of placental abruption?

A

DIC

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24
Q

How thick an endometrium is worrying?

A

> 4mm

25
Q

What are the causes of PMB?

A

Atrophic vaginitis
Endometrial cancer
Cervical pathology
Breakthrough bleed on HRT

26
Q

What organisms cause endometritis?

A

Caused by group A strep, gram neg + anaerobes

27
Q

Most common SE of progesterone only contraception?

A

Change in bleeding pattern

28
Q

When is emergency contraception required?

A

EC needed any time in cycle, after day 21 postpartum, after day 5 of abortion or miscarriage

29
Q

What are the CI of Ulipristal?

A

Cannot be used within 5 days of another hormonal contraception

30
Q

What contraceptions are affected by enzyme inducers?

A

COCP, POP, implant, oral EC

31
Q

What contraceptions are not affected by enzyme inducers?

A

depo, IUS, IUD

32
Q

What are the Fraser guidelines?

A

Understands advice
Doctor could not persuade them to tell parents
Likely to begin or continue having sex
In best interests
Without contraception, health would suffer

33
Q

What is the aim of HIV treatment?

A

Aims to reduce viral load to <50 copies + allow CD4 recovery

34
Q

What is the treatment of PID?

A

Ceftriaxone, doxycycline + metronidazole

35
Q

When do mothers begin to feel fetal movements?

A

Reduced fetal movements

36
Q

What infection screens are done at booking?

A

HIV, Hep B + C, syphilis

37
Q

What is the MAGPIE trial?

A

magnesium sulphate in Pre-E

38
Q

What is the CLASP trial?

A

Low dose aspirin in next pregnancy if pre-eclampsia in this one

39
Q

When can you do a FBS, and what readings indicate delivery + retesting?

A

only if >3cm dilated
<7.2 = deliver
7.2-7.25 repeat in 30 mins

40
Q

When can you see a fetal pole + fetal heart activity on USS?

A

fetal pole at 6 weeks

fetal heart activity at 6-7 weeks

41
Q

When will a TVUSS show a IUP?

A

hCG >1500

42
Q

What is the management of endometrial cancer?

A

MRI, TAHBSO +- RT

43
Q

What is the management of ovarian cancer?

A

tumour markers, CT, cytoreductive surgery + chemo

44
Q

What is the management of cervical cancer?

A

cone biopsy, surgery, RT

45
Q

When should you do a VE?

A

Only in labour

46
Q

What reduces your risk of pre-eclampsia?

A

Smoking

47
Q

When is the screening for GDM?

A

26 weeks

16 weeks if previous GDM

48
Q

What are the restrictions if giving prophylactic + therapeutic LMWH before delivery?

A

12hrs must pass after last dose of prophylactic dose before epidural or spinal
24hrs must past after last dose of therapeutic dose before epidural or spinal

49
Q

What are the components of the Bishops score?

A 
Cervical dilation 
Cervical effacement 
Cervical consistency 
Cervical position
Fetal station
50
Q

Meaning of different Bishops scores - max score, cut off for favourable induction

A

Max score = 13
>8 = induction likely to be successful
<6 = induction likely to be unsuccessful

51
Q

What are the types of forceps commonly used in delivery?

A

Simpson = used when baby’s head is cone shaped
Elliot = used when baby’s head is round
Kielland = used for rotation
Wrigleys = used to reduce risk of uterine rupture if baby is high
Neville Barnes = used when no rotation is needed

52
Q

Most common type of ovarian cancer?

A

Serous

53
Q

What is shouldering on a CTG?

A

Fetal heart rate rise before + after deceleration = coping well

54
Q

What are the causes of fetal tachycardia on CTG?

A

Maternal pyrexia, hypoxia, prematurity, salbutamol use, fetal distress

55
Q

When is B lynch suture used?

A

Atonic uterus

56
Q

What are the normal blood result changes during pregnancy?

A

WCC high, ALP high

albumin low, Hb low, platelets low

57
Q

First line management of fibroids?

A

Myomectomy

58
Q

What is the difference between total + subtotal hysterectomy?

A 
Total = cervix + uterus 
Subtotal = just uterus

OBGYN (18 decks)

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