Extinction

Question 1

local extinction

Answer 1

extinct in an area, exists elsewhere

early warning

Question 2

species extinction

Answer 2

gone

Question 3

extinct in the wild

Answer 3

in captivity

Question 4

functional extinction

Answer 4

some left alive but determined for extinction

Question 5

mass extinction

Answer 5

extinction of large number of species in a relatively short time

Question 6

Lazarus species

Answer 6

thought to be extinct but found again

Question 7

what percentage of all species have gone extinct?

Answer 7

96% of all species

Question 8

what is the lifespan of a species?

Answer 8

1-10 million years

Question 9

characteristics of mass extinctions

Answer 9

> 60% lost in 1 my
global extent
broad range of taxa
selective impact on a particular taxonomic group

Question 10

6th mass extinction

Answer 10

occurred over 1000s of years

100x normal background extinction rate

Question 11

increased extinction risk factors

Answer 11

limited range
small population
large body, low reproduction, late maturation
large home range
specialist
sociality
island endemic (20x higher than mainland - limited distribution, few predators, vulnerable to invasive species)

Question 12

major factors

Answer 12

small population - inbreeding and inbreeding depression (lower survival)
declining population

results in: demographic, environmental and genetic stochasticity

Question 13

extinction vortex

Answer 13

the smaller a population becomes, the more vulnerable it is to stochasticity

Question 14

IUCN red list

Answer 14

requirement