External Morphology Of Insects Flashcards
Study of insect structures (parts) and functions
Insect Morphology
How many body regions
3
Frontal region for visual and sensory purposes
Head
Middle region for locomotion or mobility
Thorax
3 sub-regions of thorax
Prothorax, mesothorax, metathorax
Where legs are found
Thorax
Where wings are found
Mesothorax and metathorax
Posterior region for internal or visceral organs
Abdomen
Where to find the external parts of genitalia
Tip of abdomen
Legs of caterpillar
Pseudolegs
Hearinhn orgam of short horned grasshoppers
Tympanum
Where is tympanum found in short horned grasshoppers
Each side of first abdominal segment
Where is tympanum of long horned grasshoppers
On each fore tibia
Upper lip
Labrum
Lower lip, with 2 palpi
Labium
Short antenna-like part
Palpi/palpus
Sensory lobe inside surface of labrum
Epipharynx
Tongue-like structure inside mouth of grasshoppers
Hypopharynx
Mouth type:
Mandibles are tooth-like, suited for solid food
Chewing
For liquid food
Elongated proboscis
Mouth type:
Mandibles and maxillae become needle-like stylets, for piercing plant epidermis, sucking liquid food, or animal blood
Piercing-sucking
Mouth-type:
Wet, sponge-like tip for liquid food, or liquefying solid food then absorbing resulting liquid
Sponging
Mouth type:
Elongated, and adapted for sucking nectar of flowers without piercing the epidermis
Siphoning
Moutj-type:
Only one mandible is functional, for scratching leaf surfaces, and exuding sap will be sucked
Rasping-sucking
Mouth type:
For lapping nectar and for cutting leaves etc.
Chewing-lapping
Mouthpart of thysanura
Chewing
Mouth of odonata
Chewing
Mouth of orthoptera
Chewing
Mouth of blattodea
Chewing
Mouth of isoptera
Chewing
Mouth of thysanoptera
Rasping-sucking
Mouth of hemiptera
Piercing-sucking
Mouth of lepidoptera
Chewing (larvae); siphoning
Mouth of coleoptera
Chewing
Mouth of diptera
Piercing-sucking; sponging
Mouth of hymenoptera
Chewing (ants) chewing-lapping (bees)
Mouth of phthiraptera
Piercing-sucking
Mouth of siphonaptera
Piercing-sucking
Two types of eyes
Simple eyes, compound eyes
Type of eyes used for detecting light from darkness
Simple eyes
Two big eyes with many facets called ommatidia
Compound eyes
Segments of antennae
Scape, pedicel, and the rest are flagellum
Sensory structures ti detect environmental factors, or sometimes for defense
Antennae
Antenna type:
Thread-like
Filiform
Antenna type: clubbed
Clavate
Antenna type: with arista
Aristate
Elbowed antenna
Geniculate
Saw-like antenna
Serrate
Hair-like antenna
Setaceous
Hairy antenna
Plumose
2 insect orders with 2 wings
Diptera, strepsiptera
4 orders with no wings
Protura, collembola, diplura, thysanura
What are found in most wings
Veins
Type of wings with no veins
Elytra
Wing type: uniformly thin, transparent or translucent, generally smooth, some with hairs or scales
Membranous
Lepidoptera wings type
Membranous with scales
Trichoptera wings type
Membranous with hairs
Thick, hard, veinless wings, used for protection not for flying
Elytron/elytra
Combined elytron and membranous
Hemelytron/hemelytra
Type of forewings of beetles, weevils, earwigs
Elytra
Type of forewings of hemiptera
Hemelytra
Wings with margins that are very fine feather-like or hair-like strands
Fringed
Wings of thrips
Fringed
Fine, relatively short wings used for balancing during flight
Halter/halteres
Modified hindwings of diptera
Halteres
Forewings of strepsiptera
Halteres
5 segments of legs
Coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, tarsus
Do maggots or larvae of diptera have legs
No
Legs of caterpillars are called
Pseudolegs with crochet (hook-like structures) on their soles
Legs of caterpillar-like larvae of sawflies (hymenoptera)
Pseudolegs, without crochets
Legs for walking, most insects
Ambulatorial
Legs for running
Cursorial
Legs for jumping
Saltatorial
Legs for swimming
Natatorial
Legs for grasping, used by predatory insects?
Raptorial
Legs for digging
Fossorial
Legs for collecting pollen
Corbiculate
Legs of cockroaches, ants
Cursorial
Legs of aquatic bugs, naiads of dragonflies damselflies, plecoptera, etc.
Natatorial
Legs of mantodea, and adult dragonflies, and other predatoey insects
Raptorial
Forelegs of mole crickets, scarab beetles
Fossorial
Hindlegs of bees
Corbiculate