External features of the brain

Question 1

What is the role of the superior and inferior sagittal sinuses

Answer 1

To drain blood

Question 2

What is the falx cerebri

Answer 2

Attached to the crista galli of the ethmoid bone anteriorly and posteriorly attached to the tentorium cerebelli

Question 3

What is falx cerebelli

Answer 3

Dips between cerebral hemispheres, splitting the right and left

Question 4

What is tentorium cerebelli

Answer 4

Dips between cerebrum and cerebellum, running horizontally

Question 5

What is Diaphragma sellae

Answer 5

A hole in the dura that allows the pituitary stalk to pass through

Question 6

where is the cavernosus sinus located

Answer 6

In a cavity between the sphenoid and temporal bone. It contains venous structures and cranial nerves

Question 7

What characteristic does the arachnoid mater have

Answer 7

It is translucent

Question 8

What are arachnoid granulations

Answer 8

Projections into the dura to allow CSF to return the venous blood

Question 9

What is the choroid plexus

Answer 9

Pia mater folded back on itself

Question 10

What is the space between the arachnoid and the pia mater

Answer 10

The subarachnoid space, it is sealed off by tight junctions and contains veins and arteries of the brain and spinal cord.

Question 11

What is a gyri

Answer 11

A fold in the cerebral cortex

Question 12

What is a sulci

Answer 12

A groove/fissure in the cerebral cortex

Question 13

What separates the parietal and frontal lobes and the primary motor and primary sensory cortex

Answer 13

The central sulcus/ fissure of ronaldo

Question 14

What divides the frontal and parietal lobes from the temporal. (forcing it apart would reveal the insula)

Answer 14

The lateral sulcus

Question 15

What separates the right and left hemispheres (forcing apart reveals the corpus callosum)

Answer 15

The longitudinal fissure

Question 16

which lobe houses the primary motor cortex

Answer 16

Frontal

Question 17

Which lobe processes auditory input and high level visuals

Answer 17

Temporal

Question 18

Which lobe houses the primary sensory cortex

Answer 18

Parietal

Question 19

What lobe contains the primary visual cortex

Answer 19

Occipital

Question 20

What is the job of CSF

Answer 20

Acts to keep the brain buoyant, protects the tissue, clear it of waste, as well as preventing ischemia and chemical disturbances

Question 21

What produces CSF

Answer 21

Choroid plexus (ependymal cells) of the lateral and fourth ventricle

Question 22

What is the path of CSF

Answer 22

Lateral and fourth ventricle. Then flows through the interventricular foramen to the third ventricle. Then flows via the cerebral aquaduct into the fourth ventricle. CSF then escapes via the lateral and median apertures. It diffuses around the brain in the sub arachnoid space and returns venous blood through arachnoid granulations which project into the dura.

Question 23

What is hydrocephalus

Answer 23

The abnormal accumulation of CSF in the brain

Question 24

What are the two types of hydrocephalus

Answer 24

1) Communicating - caused by impaired CSF reabsorption

2) non-communicating - caused by CSF flow obstruction

Question 25

What is the most common cause of hydrocephalus

Answer 25

Aqueductal stenosis - narrowing of the cerebral aqueduct

Question 26

What will hydrocephalus cause

Answer 26

Increased intracranial pressure and progressive enlargement of the head

Question 27

What structure joins the two cerebellar hemispheres

Answer 27

The vermis

Question 28

What are the highly convoluted structures of the surface of the cerebellum

Answer 28

The folia

Question 29

What is the cerebrocerebellum

Answer 29

Lateral part of the hemispheres and regulaes motor output

Question 30

What is the spinocerebellum

Answer 30

Vermis and intermediate parts of the hemispheres. Adapts body to circumstances

Question 31

Vestibulocerebellum

Answer 31

In the flocculonodular lobe (tucked behind the cerebellum) regulates balance and eye movement, and muscle tone