External Factor Glossary 2.1-2.3

Question 1

Internal factors

Answer 1

Factors within school and education

Question 2

External Factors

Answer 2

Factors outside education system such as family, background

Question 3

Cultural deprivation

Answer 3

Limited appropriate values learnt outside of school. Includes intellectual development, language, attitudes and values.

Question 4

Cultural equipment

Answer 4

Includes language, self discipline and reasoning skills like using ideas and problem solving

Question 5

Restricted code

Answer 5

Limited informal language mainly used by working class

Question 6

Elaborate code

Answer 6

Advanced more formal language mainly used by middle class

Question 7

Fatalism

Answer 7

Individuals or groups Believe that their destines are ruled by an unseen power or are played out inevitably rather than by their will

Question 8

Collectivism

Answer 8

The idea that we can achieve valuable goals on a shared rather than individual basis

Question 9

Immediate gratification

Answer 9

Wanting immediate rewards rather than having it later for better rewards

Question 10

Present time orientation

Answer 10

Seeing the present as more important than the future and so not having long term goals it plans

Question 11

Compensatory education

Answer 11

A policy designed to tackle the problem of cultural deprivation by providing extra resources to schools and communities in deprived areas

Question 12

The myth of cultural deprivation

Answer 12

Keddie 1973 says it’d a myth and sees it as victim blaming. Dismisses the idea that failure at school can be blamed on a culturally deprived home background

Question 13

Material Deprivation

Answer 13

Refers to poverty and a lack of material necessities such as adequate housing and income.

Question 14

Cultural capital

Answer 14

The social assets of a person

Question 15

Marketisation of education

Answer 15

Schools are encouraged to compete against each other and act more like private businesses

Question 16

Parental choice

Answer 16

Giving parents the right to choose the specific public schools their children attend rather than them being assigned

Question 17

Privileged skilled choosers

Answer 17

Mainly professional middle class parents who used their economic and cultural capital to gain educational capital for their children

Question 18

Disconnected local choosers

Answer 18

Working class parents whose choices were restricted by their lack of economic and cultural capital

Question 19

Semi skilled choosers

Answer 19

Mainly working class but we’re more ambitious than disconnected local choosers