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EXSC 223 Chapter 23 and 24 > EXSC 223L Practicum > Flashcards

EXSC 223L Practicum Flashcards

1
Q

Psoas Major

A

Origin: Transverse processes and bodies of L01-L05, intervertebral fibrocartilage of T12-L05

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of the femur

Action: Flexes the thigh, flexes the trunk (when femur is fixed)

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2
Q

Iliacus

A

Origin: Iliac fossa

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of the femur, tendon of the psoas major

Action: Flexes the thigh, flexes the trunk when the femur is fixed

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3
Q

Gluteus Maximusv

A

Origin: Posterior gluteal lines of the ilium, fascia of covering the gluteus medius

Insertion: IT band and gluteal tuberosity

Action: Abducts, extends, and laterally rotates the hip

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4
Q

Gluteus Medius

A

Origin: Gluteal surface of the ilium, gluteal aponeurosis

Insertion: Lateral surface of the greater trochanter

Action: Abducts the thigh, stabilizes the hip, internally and externally rotates the thigh

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5
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A

Origin: Gluteal surface of the ilium

Insertion: Anterior surface of the greater trochanter

Action: Abducts the thigh, stabilizes the hip, internally and externally rotates the thigh

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6
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae

A

Origin: Anterior Superior Iliac Crest

Insertion: IT band (crosses hip and knee joints)

Action: Tenses the fascia lata, abducts and internally rotates the thigh, stabilizes the hip and knee joints

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7
Q

Psoas Minor

A

Origin: Sides of the bodies and intervertebral discs of T12-L01

Insertion: Iliac fascia

Action: Flexes the trunk

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8
Q

Quadratus Femoris

A

Origin: External border of the ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Intertrochanteric crest

Action: Externally rotates and adducts the hip

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9
Q

Piriformis

A

Origin: Front of the sacrum between S01 and S04

Insertion: Upper border of the greater trochanter

Action: Externally rotates, abducts, extends, and stabilizes the hip

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10
Q

Rectus Femoris (Quadriceps)

A

Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine, groove superior to the acetabulum

Insertion: Common tendon of the quadriceps inserting on the tibial tuberosity

Action: Extends the leg at the knee, flexes the hip

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11
Q

Vastus Lateralis (Quadriceps)

A

Origin: greater trochanter, linea aspera

Insertion: Patella via the quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity

Action: Extends the leg at the knee joint

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12
Q

Vastus Medialis (Quadriceps

A

Origin: Intertrochanteric line, lines aspera

Insertion: Patella via the quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity

Action: extends the leg at the knee joint

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13
Q

Vastus Intermedius (Quadriceps)

A

Origin: Anterior and lateral surfaces of the femur

Insertion: Common quadriceps tendon on the tibial tuberosity

Action: Extends the leg at the knee joint

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14
Q

Sartorius

A

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Medial surface of the tibia

Action: Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the thigh at the hip joint; flexes and medially rotates the leg at the knee joint

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15
Q

Adductors (brevis, longus, Magnus)

A

Origin: Pubis

Insertion: Linea aspera

Action: Adduct and medially rotate the thigh

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16
Q

Biceps Femoris (Long, Short)

A

Long Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Short Origin: Lines aspera

Insertion: Lateral surface of the head of the fibula

Action: flexes the leg at the knee, laterally rotates the tibia; long head extends the hip

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17
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Medial surface of the tibia

Action: Flexes the leg at the knee joint, medially rotates the leg

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18
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Posterior surface of the medial condyle of the tibia

Action: Flexes the leg at the knee joint, medially rotates the leg

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19
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A

Origin: Lateral condyle and lateral tibia

Insertion: Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Action: Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot

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20
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

Origin: Lateral condyle of the tibia, anterior fibular shaft, interosseous membrane

Insertion: Distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Action: Extends digits 2-5, dorsiflexes the foot

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21
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

Origin: Anterior surface of the fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: Dorsal surface of distal phalanx of hallux

Action: Extends hallux, inverts and dorsiflexes the foot

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22
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Origin: Posterior surface of the medial and lateral femoral condyles

Insertion: Calcaneus via the Achilles’ tendon

Action: Plantarflexes the foot, flexes the leg at the knee

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23
Q

Soleus

A

Origin: Posterior surface of the head and fibular shaft, posterior tibia

Insertion: Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the Achilles’ tendon

Action: Plantarflexes the foot

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24
Q

Plantaris

A

Origin: Above the lateral head of the gastrocnemius on the lower supracondylar ridge

Insertion: Calcaneus along with the Achilles’ tendon

Action: Flexes the knee and plantarflxes

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25
Q

Popliteus

A

Origin: Lateral surface of the lateral condyle of the femur

Insertion: Posterior surface of the proximal tibial shaft

Action: Unlocks and flexes the knee, medially rotates the tibia

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26
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A

Origin: Interosseous membrane, posterior surface of the tibia, medial surface of the fibula

Insertion: Tuberosity on the navicular bone, the cuneiforms, cuboid, and metatarsals 2-4

Action: plantarflexes, inverts, and adducts the foot

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27
Q

Flexor Digitorum (Longus, Brevis)

A

Longus Origin: Posterior surface of the tibia
Brevis Origin: Calcaneal tuberosity

Longus Insertion: inferior surface of distal phalanges 2-5
Brevis Insertion: lateral surfaces of the middle phalanx of digits 2-5

Longus Action: Flexes the phalanges of distal joints 2-5, inverts and plantarflexes the foot
Brevis Action: Flexes digits 2-5

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28
Q

Flexor Hallucis (Longus, Brevis)

A

Longus Origin: Posterior fibula, interosseous membrane
Brevis Origin: plantar surface of the lateral cuneiform and cuboid

Longus Insertion: Inferior surface of the distal hallux
Brevis Insertion: Proximal phalanx of the hallux

Action: flexes the hallux (MTP joint); longus also inverts and plantarflexes the foot

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29
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

A

Origin: Dorsal and lateral surface of the calcaneus

Insertion: Lateral sides of the extensor digitorum longus, tendons to digits 2-4

Action: Extends digits 2-4

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30
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

A

Origin: Dorsal portion of the calcaneus

Insertion: Dorsal surface of the base of the proximal phalanx of the hallux

Action: extends the hallux

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31
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

Origin: anterior surface of the sternal portion of the clavicle, anterior surface of the sternum, cartilages of the true ribs, aponeurosis of the external obliques

Insertion: crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: Flexes and adducts arm, rotates the arm medially

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32
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Origin: Spinous processes of T07-T12 and L01-L05

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of the humerus

Action: Medially rotates, adducts, and extends the humerus, aids in labored respiration

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33
Q

Deltoid (has 3 heads)

A

Origin: Lateral clavicles, acromion, scapular spine

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Action: Abducts, flexes, extends, and laterally and medially rotates the arm at the shoulder joint

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34
Q

Supraspinatus (rotator cuff)

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: abducts the arm and stabilizes the shoulder joint

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35
Q

Infraspinatus (rotator cuff)

A

Origin: Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: Laterally/externally rotates the arm, stabilizes the shoulder joint

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36
Q

Teres Minor (rotator cuff)

A

Origin: Lateral border of the scapula

Insertion: Greater tuberosity of the humerus

Action: Laterally rotates the humerus, stabilizes the shoulder joint

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37
Q

Teres Major

A

Origin: Inferior angle of the scapula

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of the humerus

Action: Extension, adduction, medial/internal rotation of the humerus

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38
Q

Subscapularis (rotator cuff)

A

Origin: subscapular fossa of the scapula

Insertion: Lesser tubercle of the humerus

Action: Medially rotates the head of the humerus

39
Q

Biceps Brachii (long and short heads)

A

Long Origin: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Short Origin: coronoid process of the scapula

Insertion: radial tuberosity

Action: flexion and supination of the elbow

40
Q

Brachialis

A

Origin: Anterior distal half of the humerus

Insertion: Ulnar tuberosity and anterior surface of the coronoid process

Action: Flexion of the elbow

41
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Origin: Ridge superior to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, lateral intermuscular septum

Insertion: Styloid process of the radius

Action: flexes the elbow

42
Q

Triceps Brachii (lateral, long, medial heads)

A

Lateral Origin: posterior surface of the humerus
Long Origin: Infraglenoid tuberosity
Medial Origin: Posterior surface of the humerus below the groove

Insertion: Olecranon of the ulna

Action: extension of the elbow

43
Q

Pronator Teres

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus, coronoid process of the ulna

Insertion: Lateral surface of the radius

Action: flexes the forearm, pronates the forearm

44
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A

Origin: Distal fourth of the anterior surface of the ulna

Insertion: Distal fourth of the anterior surface of the radius

Action: pronates the hand

45
Q

Supinator

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus and ulna, radial collateral ligaments, annular ligaments

Insertion: Dorsal and lateral surfaces of the radius

Action: Supinate the hand and forearm

46
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: Base of the second and third metacarpals

Action: Flexes the hand and abducts the hand, radial abduction/deviation

47
Q

Palmaris Longus

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retaniculum

Action: Flexes the hand

48
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis (longus and brevis heads)

A

Longus Origin: Lower third of the supracondylar ridge of the humerus
Brevis Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Longus Insertion: dorsal surface of the base of the second metacarpal
Brevis Insertion: dorsal base of the third metacarpal

Action: extension and abduction of the wrist

49
Q

Extensor Digitorum

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: Dorsal digital expansions of digits 2-5 (back of hand)

Action: Extension of the wrist, extension and abduction of digits 2-5

50
Q

Occiptofrontalis (Epicranius)

A

Origin: Occipital bone

Insertion: Gala aponeurotica

Action: Draws the scalp posteriorly

51
Q

Corrugator Supercilii

A

Origin: Medial end of the superciliary arch

Insertion: Deep surface of the skin above the orbital arch

Action: Draws the eyebrows downwards and medially

52
Q

Levator Palpebrae Superioris

A

Origin: Sphenoid part of the orbit

Insertion: Skin of the eyelid

Action: Elevates and retracts the eyelid

53
Q

Orbicularis Oculi

A

Origin: Front bone, maxilla, lacrimal bone

Insertion: Lateral palpebral raphe

Action: closes the eyelid

54
Q

Orbicularis Oris

A

Origin: Fibers of other facial muscles

Insertion: Angles of the mouth

Action: closes, protrudes, and presses the lips (against the teeth)

55
Q

Levator Labii Superioris

A

Origin: zygomatic bone

Insertion: skin of the upper lip

Action: raises the upper lip and moves it forward

56
Q

Depressor Labii Inferioris

A

Origin: Oblique line of the mandible

Insertion: Skin of the lower lip, orbicularis oris

Action: Draws the lip inferiorly and laterally

57
Q

Levator Anguli Oris

A

Origin: Canine fossa of the maxilla

Insertion: Angle of the mouth

Action: Raises the angles of the mouth

58
Q

Depressor Anguli Oris

A

Origin: Oblique line of the mandible

Insertion: Risorius and orbicularis oris

Action: Draws the angles of the mouth down and laterally

59
Q

Buccinator

A

Origin: Outer surface of the maxilla and mandible

Insertion: Orbicularis oris

Action: Compresses the cheeks during mastication

60
Q

Risorius

A

Origin: Fascia over the masseter

Insertion: Skin at the angle of the mouth

Action: Retract the angle of the mouth

61
Q

Platysma

A

Origin: Fascia of the upper parts of the pectoralis major and deltoid

Insertion: Mandible and subcutaneous tissue of the lower face

Action: Depresses the lower jaw

62
Q

Superior Rectus

A

Origin: Annulus of Zinn

Insertion: Superior anterior surface of the eye

Action: Adducts, elevates, and internally rotates the eye

63
Q

Inferior Rectus

A

Origin: Annulus of Zinn (common tendinous ring)

Insertion: Inferior anterior surface of the eye

Action: Depresses and adducts the eye

64
Q

Medial Rectus

A

Origin: Annulus of Zinn (common tendinous ring)

Insertion: medial anterior surface of the eye

Action: Adducts and moves the eye medially

65
Q

Lateral Rectus

A

Origin: Annulus of Zinn (common tendinous ring)

Insertion: Lateral anterior surface of the eye

Action: Abducts and moves the eye laterally

66
Q

Superior Oblique

A

Origin: Sphenoid bone

Insertion: Superior lateral part of the eye

Action: Medially rotates the eye (intorsion)

67
Q

Inferior Oblique

A

Origin: Maxillary orbit

Insertion: Inferior lateral part of the eye

Action: Laterally rotates the eye (extorsion)

68
Q

Deep Masseter

A

Origin: Zygomatic arch

Insertion: Mandible

Action: Raises the mandible against the maxilla

69
Q

Superficial Masseter

A

Origin: Zygomatic process of the maxilla

Insertion: Ramus of the mandible

Action: Raises the mandible against the maxilla

70
Q

Temporalis

A

Origin: Temporal fossa and temporal fascia

Insertion: Coronoid process and anterior ramus of the mandible

Action: Elevates and retracts the mandible

71
Q

Hyoglossus

A

Origin: Hyoid bone

Insertion: Side of the tongue

Action: Depresses the tongue

72
Q

Styloglossus

A

Origin: Styloid process

Insertion: Lateral border of the tongue

Action: Draws the sides of the tongue upwards and draws the tongue backwards

73
Q

Tongue

A

Origin: 4th pharyngeal arch

Insertion: None

Action: Manipulation of food, swallowing, and speech

74
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin: Anterior surface of the manubrium and part of the clavicle

Insertion: Mastoid process

Action: Draws the head towards the shoulder of the same side, rotates the head to the opposite side, flexes the cervical spine, and assists in elevating the thorax

75
Q

Scalenes

A

Origin: Transverse processes of C5 through C7

Insertion: Outer surface of the 2nd rib

Action: Elevates the first and second ribs, moves the spinal column laterally

76
Q

Splenius (cervicis and capitis)

A

Cervicis Origin: spinous processes of T03-T06
Capitis Origin: Spinous process of C07-T03

Insertion: Mastoid process

Action: extends and laterally flexes the neck and spine, rotates the head to the same side

77
Q

Longissimus (dorsi, cervici, capitis) - erector spinae

A

Origin: Transverse processes of the vertebrae (lumbar, T01-T05, upper 4-5 thoracic vertebrae and articular process of lower 3-4 cervical vertebrae)

Insertion: Transverse processes of the all thoracic vertebrae and lower 9-10 ribs, transverse processes of C02-C06, posterior margin of the mastoid

Action: Extends and laterally flexes the spine, compresses the ribs, unilaterally bends the head and turns the face to the same side, bilaterally extends the head

78
Q

Spinalis (thoracis and cervicis) - erector spinae

A

Thoracis Origin: Spinous processes of vertebrae T11-L02
Cervicis Origin: Spinous processes of vertebrae C07, T01 and T02, ligamentum nuchae

Thoracis Insertion: spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae by 4-8 tendons
Cervicis Insertion: spinous processes of C02-C05

Action: Extends the spine and head

79
Q

Semispinalis (capitis, cervicis, thoracis) - erector spinae

A

Action: Extends the vertebral column, draws the head backwards, unilaterally draws the head to one side and rotates the head to the opposite side

80
Q

Multifidus

A

Origin: Sacrum, processes of the lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae, the articular processes of C04-C07

Insertion: the spinous process of the vertebrae 2-4 superior to it

Action: Stabilizes the vertebrae

81
Q

Rotatores (brevis and longi)

A

Origin: Transverse process of each thoracic vertebra

Insertion: Spinous process of the vertebra 1-2 above the origin

Action: Extends and rotates the vertebral column

82
Q

Quadratus Lumborum (QL)

A

Origin: Iliac crest

Insertion: Transverse processes of L01-L04

Action: Depresses the 12th rib, unilaterally raises the pelvis, helps with lateral flexion of the lumbar spine, stabilizes the lumbar spine

83
Q

Rectus Abdominus

A

Origin: Crest of the pubis

Insertion: Xiphoid process and cartilages of ribs 5-7

Action: Flexes the vertebral column, tenses the abdominal wall, and compresses the abdomen

84
Q

External Oblique

A

Origin: Sternum and ribs 5-12

Insertion: Pubis and iliac crest

Action: Bilaterally compresses the abdomen and flexes the spine; unilaterally laterally flexes the trunk and rotates the trunk to the opposite side

85
Q

Internal Oblique

A

Origin: Inguinal ligament and iliac crest

Insertion: Pubis, ribs 9-12, linea alba

Action: Bilaterally compresses the abdomen and flexes the spine, unilaterally flexes and rotates the spine to the same side

86
Q

Transverse Abdominis

A

Origin: Inner lip of the iliac crest, cartilages of the lower 6 ribs, lumbodorsal fascia

Insertion: Ends in aponeurosis and part of the pubis

Action: Compresses abdomen and tenses the abdominal wall

87
Q

Diaphragm

A

Origin: Xiphoid process, cartilages of ribs 7-12, anterior surfaces of lumbar vertebrae, and 3 lumbar vertebrae

Insertion: Anterior longitudinal ligament of vertebral column

Action: Expands the thoracic cavity and compresses the abdominal cavity

88
Q

External Intercostals

A

Origin: Lower border of ribs 1-11

Insertion: Upper border of ribs 2-12

Action: Elevates the ribs, aids in normal inspiration

89
Q

Internal Intercostals

A

Origin: Superior border of ribs 2-12

Insertion: Inferior border of ribs 1-12

Action: Depresses the ribs and aids in forced expiration

90
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A

Origin: Ribs 3-5

Insertion: Corocoid process of the scapula

Action: Elevates the ribs, draws the scapula down and medially

91
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

Origin: Upper 8-9 ribs

Insertion: Medial border of the scapula

Action: Protraction and upward rotation of the scapula, holds the scapula close to the thoracic wall

92
Q

Trapezius

A

Origin: Occipital bone and spinous processes of T01-T12

Insertion: Lateral part of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula

Action: Rotation, retraction, elevation, and depression of the scapula; elevates the clavicle, extends the neck, and stabilizes the shoulde

93
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

Origin: Transverse processes of C01-C04

Insertion: Superior part of the medial border of the scapula

Action: Elevates and medially/upwardly rotates the scapula

94
Q

Rhomboid Major

A

Origin: Spinous processes of T02-T05

Insertion: Medial border of the scapula below the spine

Action: Steadies the scapula and moves the inferior angle back/up

EXSC 223 Chapter 23 and 24 (2 decks)

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