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exs 305: motor control > EXS: 335 final exam > Flashcards

EXS: 335 final exam Flashcards

upper & lower extremity

1
Q

of fused in vertebral column

A

9

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2
Q

of articulating in vertebral column

A

24

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3
Q

of vertebrae in cervical spine

A

7

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4
Q

of vertebrae in thoracic spine

A

12

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5
Q

of vertebrae in lumbar spine

A

5

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6
Q

of fused vertebrae in sacrum

A

5

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7
Q

of fused vertebrae in coccyx

A

4

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8
Q

of curvatures and where

A

4, 2 anterior and 2 posterior

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9
Q

line of pull on vertebrae

A

concave side of curve

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10
Q

what is C1

A

atlas

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11
Q

what is C2

A

axis

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12
Q

differences between atlas and axis

A

vertebral foramen is bigger, axis has spinous process and dens

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13
Q

joint motions of the spine

A

atlanto-occipital and atlantoaxial

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14
Q

Atlanta-occipital joint movement

A

nodding in sagittal plane

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15
Q

Atlantoaxial joint movement

A

rotation in transverse plane

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16
Q

Dens

A

allow for rotation

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17
Q

sacroiliac joint identification

A

dyarthrosis

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18
Q

nonaxial motions of spine

A

sliding/gliding, compression/decompression

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19
Q

thoracolumnar fascia

A

strong complex acting like a huge ligament

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20
Q

potential injury surrounding scalenes

A

thoracic outlet syndrome

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21
Q

erector spinae muscles named, top down

A

capitis, cervis, thoracis, or lumborum

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22
Q

bones of shoulder

A

manubrium of sternum, clavicle, scapula, humerus

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23
Q

pars fracture

A

unilateral or bilateral fracture to lower back usually in L5

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24
Q

costal cartilage

A

bars of hyaline cartilage that prolong ribs forward

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25
Q

costochondral articulation

A

joints between ribs and cartilage

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26
Q

Valsalva maneuver

A

increase pressure in chest to expand weight to rest of spine

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27
Q

SCM

A

neck flexion, extension, rotation, and lateral flexion

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28
Q

scalenes

A

elevation of first 2 ribs, lateral neck flexion, rotation

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29
Q

quadratus lumborum

A

stabilization, hip hike movement, fixation of 12th rib

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30
Q

multifidus

A

extension, rotation, lateral flexion of spine

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31
Q

rectus abdominus

A

stabilization of trunk with assistant force expiration

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32
Q

transverse abdominus

A

increased intra-abdominal pressure, postural pressure, pelvic floor support

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33
Q

3 bones of coax

A

ilium, ischium, pubis

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34
Q

anteversion

A

greater than 20 degrees toes inward

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35
Q

retroversion

A

less than 15 degrees no greater than 20

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36
Q

ligaments of hip

A

iliofemoral, ischialfemoral, pubicfemoral

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37
Q

labrum

A

cartilage lining acetabulum

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38
Q

adductor muscles

A

adductor longus/brevis/magnus, pectineus, gracilis

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39
Q

gluteus maximus action

A

hip extension and external rotation

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40
Q

gluteus medius action

A

external rotation

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41
Q

muscles doing hip flexion

A

TFL, psoas, gluteus medius, sartorius, iliacus

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42
Q

gracilis action

A

adduction and aiding in flexion/extension

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43
Q

piriformis action

A

external rotation and abduction

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44
Q

muscles crossing 2 joints

A

bicep/rectus femoris, sartorius, gracillis, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, IT band, TFL

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45
Q

tibiofemoral joint classification

A

hinge synovial joint

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46
Q

function of patella

A

protects knee joint

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47
Q

muscles that attach to tibial tuberosity

A

TFL, rectus femoris, sartorius, gracillis, semitendinosus

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48
Q

menisci location

A

between femur and tibia

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49
Q

menisci function

A

increased stability, shock absorption, and lubrication of knee

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50
Q

genu valgum

A

knee moving inward

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51
Q

genu varum

A

knees moving outward

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52
Q

muscles crossing knee, hip, and ankle joints

A

rectus femoris and gastrocnemius

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53
Q

Gerry’s tubercle

A

insertion site for IT band

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54
Q

pes anserine group

A

conjoined tendons of sartorius, gracillis, and semitendinosus

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55
Q

IT band

A

fibrous fascia supporting in knee flexion & extension

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56
Q

muscle that unlock knee joint

A

popliteus

57
Q

ankle tarsals

A

calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuboid, and cuneiformis

58
Q

plantar fascia

A

inflammation of tendon running bottom of foot

59
Q

function of malleoli

A

ankle stability

60
Q

compartment syndrome

A

pressure builds on muscle to a dangerous level

61
Q

medial tibial stress syndrome

A

shin splints due to overuse & stress

62
Q

tibialis anterior action

A

dorsiflexion and inversion

63
Q

tibialis posterior action

A

plantarflexion and eversion

64
Q

peroneals action

A

eversion and assisted plantar flexion

65
Q

gastrocnemius action

A

plantar flexion and knee flexion

66
Q
A
67
Q

scapulohumeral rhythm

A

120 degrees of humerus, 60 degrees of scapula

68
Q

parts of scapula

A

inferior angle, axillary border, spine, supraspinatus fossa, infraspinatus fossa

69
Q

actions of GH & ST

A

elevation/depression, protraction/retraction, upward/downward rotation, anterior/posterior tilt

70
Q

landmarks of humerus

A

epicondyles, trochlea, capitulum, coronoid fossa, radial fossa, olecranon fossa

71
Q

landmarks of ulna

A

olecranon process, coronoid process, ulnar styloid process

72
Q

landmarks of radius

A

head, neck, tuberosity, styloid

73
Q

two ligaments of elbow

A

ulnar collateral and lateral collateral

74
Q

ulnar collateral ligament

A

restrains valgus force

75
Q

wrist flexors

A

extensor carpi radialis/longus/brevis/ulnaris

76
Q

wrist extensors

A

flexor carpi radialis/ulnaris, palmaris longus

77
Q

anatomy

A

study of structure

78
Q

physiology

A

study of function

79
Q

kinesiology

A

study of movement

80
Q

biomechanics

A

application of mechanical principles to study of biological organisms and systems

81
Q

SAID principle

A

specific adaptations to imposed demands

82
Q

wolff’s law

A

tissues, bones, muscles, respond to stress placed on them

83
Q

motor behavior

A

neuromuscular of movement

84
Q

motor control

A

study of neural, physical, and behavioral aspects of movement

85
Q

motor development

A

explores changes in movement behavior occurring through life span infants of death

86
Q

gross motor skills

A

controlling the limbs

87
Q

fine motor skills

A

small movements

88
Q

central nervous system

A

brain and spinal cord

89
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

exits spine to extremities

90
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

plans

91
Q

premotor cortex

A

sequences

92
Q

motor cortex

A

executes action

93
Q

cervical plexus

A

C1-C4

94
Q

brachial plexus

A

C5-T2

95
Q

lumbar plexus

A

T12-L5

96
Q

sacral plexus

A

S1-S2

97
Q

coccugeal plexus

A

S3-S5

98
Q

parts of a neuron

A

cell body, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath, nodes of renvier

99
Q

sarcomere

A

fundamental contractile unit of myofibril

100
Q

all or nothing principle

A

once a motor unit is activated it is contracted all the way or not at all

101
Q

type 1 muscle fiber

A

slow, long-distance runners

102
Q

type 2a muscle fiber

A

intermediate

103
Q

type 2b muscle fiber

A

fast, sprint

104
Q

concentric muscle action

A

shortening

105
Q

eccentric muscle action

A

lengthening

106
Q

isometric muscle action

A

hold, same length

107
Q

isokinetic muscle action

A

constant angular velocity about a joint

108
Q

isoinertial

A

constant resistance

109
Q

agonist muscle

A

prime mover

110
Q

antagonists muscle

A

movement in opposite directions

111
Q

synergist muscle

A

assists prime mover

112
Q

stabilizer muscle

A

stabilizes proximal to distal

113
Q

tendon

A

skeletal muscle to bone

114
Q

ligament

A

bone to bone

115
Q

cartilage

A

stiff to connective tissue

116
Q

bursa

A

fluid-filled sac providing protection

117
Q

sagittal plane

A

medial-lateral axis

118
Q

frontal plane

A

anterior-posterior axis

119
Q

transverse plane

A

longitudinal axis

120
Q

osteokinematics

A

movement of joints

121
Q

arthrokinematics

A

minute movements in joints,

122
Q

synarthrosis

A

stable, skull

123
Q

diarthrosis

A

mobile, fingers

124
Q

amphiarthrosis

A

limited but stable, pelvis

125
Q

concave

A

rolls, spins, slides below convex

126
Q

convex

A

rolls, spins, slides on top concave

127
Q

1 class lever

A

seesaw, force on both sides

128
Q

2nd class lever

A

lever shorter than resistance

129
Q

3rd class lever

A

force between resistance and folcrum

130
Q

distal end of the humerus articulates with what of the ulna

A

trochlear

131
Q

two distal condyles of humerus

A

trochlear and capitulum

132
Q

coronoid fossa location

A

distal anterior humerus

133
Q

olecranon fossa location

A

distal posterior humerus

134
Q

2 bony processes at distal end of forearms

A

styloid processes

135
Q

2 carpal bones articulating with radius and ulna

A

scaphoid and lunate

136
Q

types of diarthrodial joints

A

sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular

137
Q

CMC, thumb joint classification

A

saddle joint

138
Q

structure separating proximal and distal rows of carpals

A

triangular fibrocartilage complex, TFCC

139
Q

primary movers of upward rotation

A

trapezius and serratus anterior

exs 305: motor control (3 decks)

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