Expressive culture: Religion and Language

Question 1

Worldview

Answer 1

collage of beliefs, shared assumptions used in meaning making

Question 2

Religion

Answer 2

ideas, practices that postulate a reality beyond which is available to the immediate sense

Question 3

6 universal aspects of religion

Answer 3

prayer, physiological exercise, exhortation, Mana, Taboo, Feasts, sacrifice

Question 4

Ritual

Answer 4

repetitive social practice composed of a sequence of symbolic activities, set off from the routines of daily life, adhering to cultural schema, encoded in a specific set of ideas.

Question 5

Rites of passage

Answer 5

a type of ritual that deals with the life cycle( change ind social status, rites of installation, rites of affliction( address illness).

Question 6

Rites of intensification

Answer 6

a type of ritual that reinforces a sense of community.

Question 7

Ritual process

Answer 7

separation phase (individuality), liminality (citizenship), reintegration phase( birthday celebration).

Question 8

Shaman

Answer 8

a person who heals others

Question 9

Priest

Answer 9

religious practitioner who guides religion practices, influencing super natural powers.

Question 10

Secularism

Answer 10

individuals responsible not to a god or particular doctrine but to a socially derived law.

Question 11

Sorcery

Answer 11

contential ill wish

Question 12

Witchcraft

Answer 12

evil done non-cautiously by human beings believed to possess

Question 13

Magic

Answer 13

contagious . private rituals, taboos, fetishes and beliefs and practices designed to control the invisible, visible world for specific practices.

Question 14

Accusation

Answer 14

illness/misfortune and death

Question 15

Linguistic relativity

Answer 15

languages frame our cognition of the world; create cognitive biases

Question 16

synchronic

Answer 16

at one time, idealized form, abstraction, it doesn’t exist

Question 17

diachronic

Answer 17

evolving overtime in ways that are unpredictable

Question 18

linguistic competence

Answer 18

how well someone uses language

Question 19

communicative competence

Answer 19

phonology ( sounds of words), morphology (putting sounds into words), syntax (order of words), semantics (meaning of word).

Question 20

What language is doing

Answer 20

pragmatics, ethnopragmatic(expressive within each culture group, performatives (action, change In social status), discourse (abstract)

Question 21

Linguistic ideology

Answer 21

ideas about the person based on the way they speak

Question 22

Heteroglossia

Answer 22

between and within cultures; totality of many voices within your own speech.

Question 23

Linguistic Nationalism

Answer 23

language loss equals loss of ethnic identity

Question 24

Language preservation

Answer 24

language loss, 1 or two languages = diversity, identity loss

Question 25

professional vision

Answer 25

a way of seeing, and understanding the world that is answerable to a certain profession.

Question 26

coding schemas

Answer 26

systematic practice to transform the world into categories

Question 27

highlighting

Answer 27

drawing attention away from the object

Question 28

graphic representations

Answer 28

drawing a story from images